Indian Oil Corporation

The invention relates to the process for conversion of organic rich feed stock or industrial byproduct or CO₂ derived intermediates into tailor made microbial oil. This process involves the addition of growth inducers and providing intermittent temperature-shock to induce the biomass yield and oil accumulation. The mutated yeast used herein improves the synthesis trait of tailor-made chain length and process conditions herein to improve the production yield of biomass and oil quality. The mutated yeast was subject to process optimization with varied temperature-shock conditions and the presence of growth inducers. The produced microbial oil has potential application for biodiesel, biolubricants and bio-additives.

The present invention relates a biodegradable 3D composite hydrogel scaffold and a process for preparing the same from a cross-linkable synthetic biodegradable polymer, methacrylated poly multi-carboxylic acid-polyethylene glycol (MA-PMCA-PEG) and a modified natural polymer maleated gelatin (GEL-MEA). The invention deals with development of cross-linkable synthetic and natural polymers from simple and cost-effective methods. A multicarboxylic acid-b-polyethylene glycol (PMCA-PEG), is synthesized by a direct melt polycondensation technique and thereafter methacrylated using glycidyl methacrylate to prepare cross-linkable MA-PMCA-PEG, which is a new biodegradable material with excellent cross-linking properties. The natural polymer gelatin (GEL) is reacted with maleic anhydride (MEA) to get cross-linkable GEL-MEA.

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The present invention is related to the isomerization process in which a light naphtha stream comprising of paraffinic (mono and single branched), naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons in the range of C<5>-C<7> is contacted with the solid catalyst in multiple reaction zones and in presence of hydrogen to produce high octane gasoline predominantly comprising of paraffins (single and di-branched) and naphthenes. The process scheme comprises of more than one isomerization reaction section operating at different temperatures and other operating conditions. The catalyst employed in these reaction sections is a high coordination sulfated mixed metal oxide catalyst which contains at least one noble metal and sulfated zirconia in addition to the other components. The process of the present invention also comprises more than one fractionation section and recycling of a particular stream to the reaction zone for improving the isomerization of light naphtha.

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The invention of waste tire-derived pyrolysis oil conversion process (Figure 1) involves a systematic approach, commencing with fractionation in a 1st Separator (Streams: 3, 4, 5) and subsequent treatment. The 250°C+ stream undergoes mild thermal cracking in a Furnace (6), while the 190°C- stream acts as a quench medium. Further separation in a 2nd Separator (13) results in diverse streams (14-18), contributing to process optimization. The 190-300°C stream undergoes mild hydrocracking in a Reactor (22) with specialized catalysts, separating into Hydrogen and Product streams in a 3rd Separator (24). The 4th Separator (27) refines the Product stream, generating valuable fractions (29-31). In a Steam Cracker (32), the Light Naphtha stream (29) undergoes severe thermal cracking, producing C9-chemicals, Pyrolysis Fuel Oil, and C9-200°C stream (33). Further separation in a 5th Separator (34) yields refined fractions (35-37). This process optimizes waste tire oil utilization, providing valuable products and contributing to sustainable waste management.

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The present invention relates to a process for preparation of metal free, nontoxic, hydrocarbon fuel compatible fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQD), which act as marker as well as lubricity improver. CQDs are highly stable in non-polar hydrocarbons, at ppm level exhibit distinct fluorescent color upon irradiation with light of specific wavelength and exhibit distinct spectral properties compared to non-polar base hydrocarbons.

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