SK Innovation Patente

A refrigeration oil composition according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes a silane compound represented by Formula 1 below, wherein any one or two of R₁ to R₄ are each independently selected from C₁-C₅ alkoxy groups, and the remaining groups are each independently C₁-C₁₄ alkyl groups.

A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present disclosure includes lithium-metal oxide particles and a coating part formed on the lithium-metal oxide particles and including a metal-containing part and a sulfur-containing part. A metal area ratio of the cathode active material according to a specific equation may fall within a predetermined range. Accordingly, side reactions between the cathode active material and the electrolyte may be suppressed, and the stability and cycle life characteristics of the secondary battery may be improved.

A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure includes lithium metal oxide particles and a sulfur (S)-containing compound and a sodium (Na)-containing compound present on the surface or inside the lithium metal oxide particles. The surface portion of the lithium metal oxide particle has a concentration gradient of sulfur (S). The absolute value of the slope of the XPS signal of sulfur (S) in the surface portion is 20 cps/nm to 80 cps/nm.

Disclosed is an immersion cooling module and an immersion cooling method. The immersion cooling module includes a housing (10) configured to contain a cooling fluid at a predetermined level and to accommodate one or more battery cells (20) that are disposed to be at least partially immersed in the cooling fluid. The housing (10) has a first end inlet (11) and a second end inlet (12) at opposite sides, respectively. The module further includes: a connection pipe (30) separately coupled below the housing (10), extending from the first end inlet (11) to the second end inlet (12), a connection conduit (41, 42, 43, 44) formed on a lower surface of the housing (10) for each of cooling spaces (L1, L2, L3, L4), with the spaces (L1, L2, L3, L4) being divided by the battery cell(s), so that the cooling fluid is flowable between the spaces and the connection pipe (30); a heat exchanger (50) coupled to the connection pipe (30) and having a cooling fluid outlet formed therein, and a fluid pump (61, 62) coupled to the connection pipe (30) and configured to control a flow direction of the cooling fluid toward the first side and the second side of the heat exchanger (50).

An anode for a secondary battery includes an anode current collector, and an anode active material layer disposed on a surface of the anode collector and including an alcohol. In a 1H NMR analysis of the anode active material layer, a sum of a peak area of a first peak observed in a range of 4 ppm to 4.5 ppm and a peak area of a second peak observed in a range of 3.5 ppm to 4 ppm is greater than 0, and 0.15 or less. A peak area of a third peak observed in a range of 1.5 ppm to 2 ppm is greater than 0, and 0.15 or less. A peak area of a fourth peak observed in a range of 1 ppm to 1.5 ppm is greater than 0, and 0.8 or less.

A system, a use of said system, and a method for manufacturing and drying of one or more electrodes for a secondary battery are disclosed. The system (1) includes a coating portion (30) adapted to apply a coating material (6) to a coating substrate (5) travelling along a path; and a drying portion (40) adapted to dry the coating material (6), wherein the drying portion (40) includes at least one Coanda nozzle (71) that is adapted to spray hot air onto one surface of the coating substrate (5), and wherein the Coanda nozzle (71) includes at least one hot-air blocker (90) that is adapted to selectively block a spray port through which hot air is sprayable.

A cathode active material for a secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a lithium metal oxide and has a C-axis lattice retention ratio (R<CL>) of 95% to 97%, as defined by Equation 1 below. R CL = C min / C max × 100 <img class="EMIRef" id="51ee46e0-3fd6-40b8-ad8e-5f161359beda-ia01" /> in Equation 1, R<CL> denotes the C-axis lattice retention ratio, and C<min> and C<max> respectively denote the minimum and maximum values of the C-axis lattice constant of the cathode active material, as observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis while the charge voltage is increased to a terminal voltage.

Proposed is an immersion cooling module including a housing (10) in which an inlet (11) for cooling fluid to flow in and an outlet (12) for cooling fluid to flow out are formed, and in which the cooling fluid is accommodated at a predetermined level so as to form an upper space, a cooling chamber (20) coupled to a lower end of the housing (10), and configured to have a chamber inlet (21) through which the cooling fluid flows in and a chamber outlet (22) through which the cooling fluid is discharged, battery cells spaced apart from each other and immersed in the cooling fluid, and cooling fluid passage parts respectively formed in cooling spaces divided by the battery cells, wherein heat transfer members are arranged at predetermined intervals in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the cooling fluid.

A copolymer for an anion exchange membrane including a repeating unit represented by Formula 1 below and an anion exchange membrane including the copolymer are provided.in Formula 1, M₁, M₂, L₁, L₂, x and y refer to the definitions as defined herein.

A catalyst for a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction, which includes a composite carrier containing uniformly dispersed alumina and zeolite and a metal uniformly supported on the composite carrier. Herein, the metal includes Co. The catalyst leads to improved product selectivity. In addition, a method of preparing said catalyst is described.

An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery are provided. The electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery includes a butyrolactone-based compound including at least one alkenyl group, and a lithium salt. The lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly including a cathode and an anode, and the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery.

According to exemplary embodiments, the lithium secondary battery electrolyte includes a sulfonyl compound including a cyano group and a lithium salt. According to exemplary embodiments, the lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly including a cathode and an anode and the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery. Accordingly, a lithium secondary battery comprising the lithium secondary battery electrolyte has improved high-voltage characteristics and high-temperature stability.

A cathode (100) for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery comprising the cathode are provided. The cathode comprises a cathode current collector (105), and a cathode active material layer (110) comprising a cathode active material on at least one surface of the cathode current collector. A G value and measured at a surface of the cathode active material layer is less than 2.0.

A lithium secondary battery, and a method of operating a lithium secondary battery are provided. The lithium secondary battery includes a cathode including a cathode active material layer that includes a lithium-nickel metal oxide, and an anode opposing the cathode. A full width at half maximum ratio or a relative peak area ratio of the lithium secondary battery is 70% or more.

A solid electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery according to embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise a sulfide compound represented by Formula 1 below and may include a PS₄^3-unit and a BS₃^3- unit. Accordingly, the ionic conductivity of a lithium secondary including the solid electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery can be improved. [Formula 1] Li_6-aB_bP_1-bS_5-bX_1-a(in Formula 1, a and b may satisfy 0≤a<1, and 0<b<1, and X may be at least one element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I).

Proposed is an immersion cooling module including a housing configured to contain a cooling fluid, and a battery module submerged in the cooling fluid inside the housing, wherein the battery module includes a buffer member provided on stacked surfaces of battery cells and configured to have a buffer space into which an inflow of the cooling fluid is blocked or controllable by a rupture film.

The present disclosure provides a compound including an organic group in which at least one hydrogen is substituted with a halogen atom, an ether group and a multi-aromatic ring, which is represented by Formula 1 below. <img class="EMIRef" id="16771474-7460-45eb-8d4b-d28ea7f945ed-ia01" /> In Formula 1, m and n are each independently an integer of 1 to 6, R<1> is each independently an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R<2> is each independently an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which includes at least one of an alkylene group and/or an arylene group, X is each independently a halogen atom, and Ars is a multi-aromatic ring having 10 to 50 carbon atoms.

Proposed is a cooling fin including a cooling plate in which a cooling path is formed, and a support plate connected to each of upper and lower ends of the cooling plate, wherein the cooling plate comprises at least one cooling path configured to allow a cooling fluid to flow inside the cooling plate.

A coated pellet according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes a core including an (meth)acrylic resin, and an anti-blocking coating formed on a surface of the core and including an alkali metal salt. The content of the alkali metal salt is 3 ppm to 7,000 ppm based on the total weight of the core and the anti-blocking coating. According to a method for manufacturing coated pellets according to embodiments of the present disclosure, a coating solution including an alkali metal salt and a solvent is prepared. A core including an (meth)acrylic resin and the coating solution are mixed to produce a preliminary coated pellet. The preliminary coated pellet is dried to produce a coated pellet. The content of the alkali metal salt is 0.03 % by weight to 5 % by weight based on the total weight of the coating solution.

Disclosed are an immersion cooling module and a cooling method. The immersion cooling module includes: a housing containing a cooling fluid at a predetermined level, at least one unit housing accommodated inside the housing so as to be impregnated with the cooling fluid, having a flow passage through which the cooling fluid flows in and out and an open top, and accommodating a battery module, and a condenser coupled to liquefy a gas formed by vaporization of the cooling fluid in the housing and reintroduce the liquefied gas into the housing in a liquid state, wherein opposite sides of the battery module may be spaced apart from respective facing inner sides of the unit housing by a predetermined distance to form a flow path for the cooling fluid, and a porous moisture absorption member attached to each of the opposite sides of the battery module may be further included.

Provided is a separator including: a substrate; an inorganic particle layer formed on at least any one surface of the substrate; and an adhesive layer formed on the at least one inorganic particle layer, wherein when adhesive strength between a probe and a surface of the separator, which is measured at a stage temperature of x°C using the probe having a spring constant of 40 N/m, an average radius of 8 nm, and a scanning speed of 0.5 Hz, is Fx, F40 is 1 nN to 30 nN, and the separator satisfies the following Equation 1 : F 75 / F 40 ≥ 5 . <img class="EMIRef" id="cf839d88-15a9-4af8-b724-64b06c671b55-ia01" />

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same. According to some embodiments, the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery may include an additive including a compound having a specific structure, an organic solvent and a lithium salt. Accordingly, a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery may exhibit improved cycle life characteristics and high-temperature storage characteristics.

Provided is a composite separator including: a porous substrate; and a coating layer which is formed on at least one surface of the substrate and includes organic particles, wherein the coating layer satisfies the following Equation 1, and the composite separator may secure excellent heat resistance, adhesive strength, and fusion strength with an electrode even at a small thickness and prevent a blocking phenomenon: 4,000≤A×D2/T≤5,500 wherein A, D, and T are as defined in the specification.

Proposed is a method for manufacturing aviation fuel, the method including the steps of preparing a feed, preparing an FT syncrude by subjecting the feed to a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction, wherein the FT syncrude includes a first fraction and a kerosene fraction, the first fraction being a fraction with a boiling point range below that of kerosene, subjecting the first fraction to a reaction for increasing the boiling point, wherein the first fraction is converted to the second fraction, and the second fraction has a higher boiling point than the first fraction, and collecting aviation fuel from the kerosene fraction and the second fraction.

Disclosed are a method for controlling heating of an HVAC system for an electric vehicle and an HVAC system thereof, the system comprising a refrigerant, a compressor (120) and a heater core (130), wherein the system is configured to circulate said refrigerant through the compressor (120) and the heater core (130) to perform heating control of the vehicle;wherein the refrigerant comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a natural refrigerant; a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)-based refrigerant;a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO)-based refrigerant;a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)-based refrigerant;a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant that is not a natural refrigerant; anda halon or a perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based refrigerant.

Method and an apparatus (100) for processing an operation of a virtual HVAC model (121) implemented as a digital twin, for performing temperature control of a cabin of a vehicle, wherein a refrigerant is included in the virtual HVAC model (121), and the refrigerant is configured to comprise at least one of a natural refrigerant, a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)-based refrigerant, a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO)-based refrigerant, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)-based refrigerant, a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant that is not a natural refrigerant, and a halon or a perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based refrigerant.

A silicon-carbon-containing electrode material according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes a porous carbon structure including pores and a silicon-containing coating layer formed on the porous carbon structure, wherein the peak intensity ratio of the Raman spectrum, expressed as a percentage and as defined by a predetermined equation, is 3% to 18%. Accordingly, the cycle life and capacity characteristics of a lithium secondary battery may be improved.

Proposed are an additive for a thermal management fluid, the additive including a phosphate-based compound, and a thermal management fluid composition including the same.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon dioxide absorbent containing an ionic material containing a cyclic ammonium cation and a hydroxide anion. The carbon dioxide absorbent according to an exemplary embodiment contains a hydroxide anion having a small molecular weight and high basicity, such that absorption performance per unit volume of the absorbent may be effectively improved. Further, the carbon dioxide absorbent according to an exemplary embodiment is soluble in water and thus may not cause layer separation problems.

Disclosed are a method for controlling heating of an HVAC system for an electric vehicle and an HVAC system thereof. According to various embodiments, in an operation of the HVAC system including a main heating unit (141) in which a first refrigerant circulates and an auxiliary heating unit (143) in which a second refrigerant circulates, at least one of the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant may comprise at least one of: a natural refrigerant; a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)-based refrigerant; a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO)-based refrigerant; a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)-based refrigerant; a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant that is not a natural refrigerant; and a halon or a perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based refrigerant. Further disclosed is the use of a HVAC system as disclosed herein in an electric vehicle. Further provided is an electric vehicle, comprising the HVAC system as disclosed herein.

A conductive material dispersion liquid according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes a conductive material including carbon nanotubes; a first dispersant including a cellulose polymer; and a second dispersant including a polyethylene oxide polymer. The dispersibility of a conductive material dispersion liquid including both the first dispersant and the second dispersant may be improved, and resistance characteristics of a secondary battery may be improved.

An ammonia decomposition reactor, a hydrogen production apparatus and a method for producing hydrogen are provided. The ammonia decomposition reactor includes a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the first chamber is configured to operate at an operating temperature of 410°C or less, the first chamber includes at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel, and a nickel-based alloy, and the second chamber includes a nickel-based alloy (N_T) satisfying Equation 1 below. T≤15μm, in Equation 1, T represents the maximum nitrided depth when the nickel-based alloy (N_T) is prepared as a cylindrical specimen having a diameter of 2 mm and a height of 200 mm, and the cylindrical specimen is exposed to a gas stream comprising 97.2% by volume NH₃, 2.1% by volume H₂, and 0.7% by volume N₂ in a temperature environment of 500°C for 100 hours.

A method for predicting recipes of a polymer composite material and a device thereof may be provided, wherein the method comprises: inputting a target property for at least two property items related to a target polymer composite material and a constraint condition for use of a material related to synthesis of the target polymer composite material; generating a predicted recipe for synthesis of the target polymer composite material using a recipe prediction model under the input target property and the constraint condition; and outputting the generated predicted recipe; wherein the predicted recipe comprises at least two materials and a mixing ratio for the at least two materials.

A corrosion-resistant system, a carbon-free power generation and fuel cell system comprising the corrosion-resistant system, and a method for ammonia decomposition utilizing said corrosion-resistant system are provided. The corrosion-resistant system includes: an ammonia supply unit; a first pipe connected to the ammonia supply unit; an ammonia decomposition unit comprising a chamber connected to the first pipe; and a second pipe connected to the chamber, wherein the chamber is configured to operate at an operating temperature of 410°C or lower, the first pipe and the chamber comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel and a nickel-based alloy, and the second pipe comprises a nickel-based alloy (N<T>) satisfying Equation 1 below. T ≤ 15 μm <img class="EMIRef" id="5ec07b9f-1bb9-4e72-ba1d-476b273fa107-ia01" />

An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery according to exemplary embodiments includes an additive including a compound having a specific structure, an organic solvent and a lithium salt. Accordingly, a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery exhibits improved low-temperature properties and high-temperature stability.

Disclosed are a use of a refrigerant, a method, and an apparatus for thermal management of a vehicle battery. The refrigerant comprises at least one of a natural refrigerant; a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)-based refrigerant; a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO)-based refrigerant; a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)-based refrigerant; a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant that is not a natural refrigerant; and a halon or a perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based refrigerant, and can be used for thermal management of the vehicle battery by controlling a temperature of said vehicle battery.

Disclosed are an ammonia supply system, a hydrogen production system, a carbon-free power generation system and a fuel cell system. The ammonia supply system includes: an ammonia supply unit; an ammonia demand unit; a connection line that is arranged to connect the ammonia supply unit and the ammonia demand unit; a hydrogen supply unit; and one or more first hydrogen supply lines that are arranged to connect the hydrogen supply unit and the connection line, and are configured to supply a hydrogen gas stream, wherein the connection line includes a first pipe configured to be controlled to an average temperature of 410°C or lower and a second pipe configured to be controlled to an average temperature of greater than 410°C, and the second pipe includes a nickel-based alloy (N_T) satisfying Equation 1 below. T≤15μm,

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