Toshiba

According to one approach, provided is an electrode (10) including an active material-containing layer (10b) containing an oxide active material and fibrous carbon. Luminance has periodical variance along a direction on a principal surface of the active material-containing layer (10b).

In general, according to an approach, an electrode (3) includes a current collector (3a) containing aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and an active material-containing layer(3b). The active material-containing layer (3b) contains particles (30) containing a niobium titanium-containing oxide. The electrode satisfies the following expression (1): 0.08≤I1/I2≤0.25 the I1 is an intensity of a first peak having the highest intensity within a range where 2θ is 46° or more and 48° or less in a diffraction diagram obtained by X-ray diffraction on a surface of the active material-containing layer. the I2 is an intensity of a second peak having the highest intensity within a range where 2θ is 25° or more and 27° or less in the diffraction diagram. In a cross section of the active material-containing layer along a thickness direction thereof, an average aspect ratio of the particles is 2 or less.

In general, according to one approach, a secondary battery (100) including a container member (2), an electrode group (1) having a stacked structure including one electrode (5), the other electrode (3), and a separator (4). At least one side of the one electrode (5) protrudes more than at least one side of the other electrode (3) in a direction intersecting a stacking direction of the electrode group (1). The electrode group (1) satisfies the following formula (1): Ra 2 > Ra 1 <img class="EMIRef" id="2ec0ce26-a74d-4f07-a69a-ea810750b930-ia01" /> where the Ra2 is an arithmetic average roughness of an end portion including the at least one side of the one electrode (5) in the electrode group (1), and the Ra1 is an arithmetic average roughness of an interior portion adjacent to the end portion of the electrode group (1).

A separator includes a frame; and a flow-channel wall on the frame, the flow-channel wall defining a supply-area, an exhaust-area, and a groove-area, the groove-area comprising a first groove group between the supply-area and the exhaust-area, the first groove group comprising (A) a first supply-side connection groove in which the side of the supply-area has a larger opening than the side of the exhaust-area; and (B) a first exhaust-side connection groove in which the side of the exhaust-area has a larger opening than the side of the supply-area. The flow-channel wall is provided at the exhaust-area side end of the first supply-side connection groove.

A quantum transmitter for use in a quantum communication system is provided, the transmitter comprising: a plurality of quantum state encoders, each encoder configured to emit portions of light, each portion encoded with a respective quantum state; and a beam combining module configured to receive portions of light emitted from each quantum state encoder, and combine the received portions to produce output light comprising a sequence of successive portions of light emitted by each encoder. A corresponding quantum communication system is also provided.

A separator according to an embodiment comprises a first supply groove, a first branching groove that includes multiple grooves; and a first exhaust groove. The first supply groove and the first exhaust groove extend in a first direction. The first branching groove is positioned between the first supply groove and the first exhaust groove in a second direction. The depth of the first supply groove is deeper than the depth of the first branching groove. The depth of the first exhaust groove is deeper than the depth of the first branching groove.

In an approach, an optical inspection apparatus includes: an illumination portion configured to emit illumination light including at least telecentric illumination; and an imaging portion configured to simultaneously capture telecentric light and entocentric light.

A separator according to an embodiment includes a flow channel comprising a first flow-channel wall, a second flow-channel wall, and a first flow-channel groove provided between the first flow-channel wall and the second flow-channel wall. A first narrowing part and/or a first expansion part are provided in the first flow-channel groove. The first narrowing part narrows a part of the latter half of the first flow-channel groove. The first expansion part expands a part of the latter half of the first flow-channel groove.

An electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrolysis cell stack including: an electrolysis cell, the electrolysis cell including: a cathode chamber; an anode chamber; a diaphragm provided between the cathode chamber and the anode chamber; a cathode arranged on the cathode chamber; and an anode arranged on the anode chamber; and an identification tag configured to identify the electrolysis cell stack.

An electrolytic method according to an embodiment comprises synthesizing ammonia by electrolysis using an electrolyte solution which is a water based, The electrolytic solution comprises water; an inorganic salt; an alcohol and/or a carboxylic acid; and an amine salt.