Alstom Technology Patente

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The subject specification comprises enhanced power system balance control for a multi-tier hierarchical electrical distribution network (EDN). The EDN comprises a specified number of distribution network node controller (DNNC) components employed to desirably control power system balance, data communications, and power distribution between respective tiers of the EDN to facilitate efficient power distribution. In each tier, a power system balance component (PSBC), associated with a DNNC component, can monitor power system balance, such as load phase balance, associated with multi-phase power distribution for its tier, and detect power system imbalances in that tier. A power balance correction action can be identified and executed (e.g., automatically) in response to the detected power system imbalance to rectify the imbalance, wherein the correction action can include dynamic switching of loads between phases and/or filtering of the power signal.

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A power transmission network (10) comprises a plurality of converters (12a,12b,12c,12d). Each converter (12a,12b,12c,12d) includes first and second electrical terminals (16,18), each first electrical terminal (16) being connectable to an electrical network (28a,28b,28c,28d), each second electrical terminal (18) being operatively connected to at least one other second electrical terminal (18). At least one converter (12a,12b,12c,12d) is designated as a first converter, at least one converter (12a,12b,12c,12d) is designated as a second converter, at least one other converter (12a,12b,12c,12d) is designated as a third converter, the or each first converter includes a first controller, the or each first controller being configured to selectively operate the or each respective first converter to modulate a power flow at its first or second electrical terminal (16,18), and the or each second converter includes a second controller, the or each second controller being configured to selectively operate the or the respective second converter to modulate a power flow at its second electrical terminal (18) so as to generate a compensatory power to compensate for an imbalance in power within the power transmission network (10) caused by the modulation of power flow by the or each first converter and thereby inhibit the modulation of power flow by the or each first converter from modifying a power flow in the or each third converter.

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A voltage source converter (30) comprises first and second DC terminals (32,34) for connection to a DC electrical network (58). The voltage source converter (30) further includes at least one limb connected between the first and second DC terminals (32,34), the or each limb including: a phase element (36) including a plurality of switching elements (40) to interconnect the DC electrical network (58) and an AC electrical network (50); an auxiliary sub-converter (38) configured to be controllable to act as a waveform synthesizer to modify a first DC voltage presented to the DC electrical network (58); and a tertiary sub-converter (39) connected with the phase element (36) in an electrical block, the auxiliary sub-converter (38) being connected in parallel with the electrical block, the tertiary sub-converter (39) being configured to be controllable to act as a waveform synthesizer to modify a second DC voltage presented to a DC side of the phase element (36), the tertiary sub-converter (39) including at least one energy storage device; wherein the voltage source converter (30) further includes a controller (60) configured to selectively control the or each tertiary sub-converter (39) to synthesize at least one tertiary voltage component so as to transfer energy to or from that tertiary sub-converter (39) and thereby regulate an energy level of that tertiary sub-converter (39).

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The invention refers to a blade (1) of a rotary flow machine comprising an airfoil (2) having a suction surface (3) and a pressure surface joining each other along a trailing and a leading edge (4, 5), a radially outward directed airfoil tip and a radially inward directed end joining an inner platform (6) connecting the airfoil to a shank (7) at a radial end of the airfoil and providing, at least one shank pocket (8) radially encircled by an axially extending portion of the platform and at least one radially extending rim (9) that extends from the trailing edge side of the shank and has an essentially radially orientated first slot (10) for receiving a seal (11), and a mount (12) extending radially inwardly from said shank pocket. Said first slot has a first aperture (13) on a shank surface orientated in an axial direction.

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In the field of high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission networks, a voltage source converter (10) comprises: first and second DC terminals (24, 26) for connection to a DC electrical network (16); a plurality of single-phase limbs (28), each single-phase limb (28) including a phase element (30), each phase element (30) including at least one switching element (32) configured to interconnect a DC voltage and an AC voltage, an AC side (34) of each phase element (30) being connectable to a respective phase (a, b, c) of a multi-phase AC electrical network (14), each single-phase limb (28) being connected between the first and second DC terminals (24, 26); and a controller (36) configured to determine independently of one another an amount of active power (P ref ) that the voltage source converter (10) should exchange with the AC electrical network (14) and an amount of reactive power (Q ref ) that the voltage source converter (10) should exchange with the AC electrical network (14), the controller (36) being further configured to establish a respective phase current reference (I refA , I refB , I refC ) for each single-phase limb (28) which is independent of the or each other respective phase current reference (I refA , I refB , I refC ) and which defines the current (I a , I b , I c ) each single-phase limb (28) is required to draw from or pass to a corresponding phase (a, b, c) of the AC electrical network (14) to effect the determined active power (P ref ) and reactive power (Q ref ) exchanges with the AC electrical network (14).

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The application relates to the technology of producing three-dimensional articles by means of powder-based additive manufacturing, such as selective laser melting (SLM) or electron beam melting (EBM). It refers to a Nickel-base superalloy powder, wherein said superalloy powder has a chemical composition that allows establishing a gamma-prime precipitation content of 60-70 vol.-% in the superalloy in a heat treated condition. It is characterized in that said powder has a powder size distribution between 10 and 100 µm and a spherical morphology and that the ratios of the content (in weight- %) of the alloying elements C, B, Hf, Zr, Si are the following: C / B = 10 - 32 ; C / Hf > 2 ; C / Zr > 8 ; C / Si > 1. A preferred embodiment consists of the following chemical composition (in weight-%): 7.7-8.3 Cr; 5.0-5.25 Co; 2.0-2.1 Mo;7.8-8.3 W; 5.8-6.1 Ta; 4.7-5.1 Al; 1.1-1.4 Ti; 0.08-0.16 C; 0.005-0.008 B; 0-0.04 Hf ;0-0.01 Zr; 0-0.08 Si; the remainder being Ni and unavoidable impurities.

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A turbine blade (12) of a gas turbine comprises a radially extending airfoil (29) with a suction side (26) and pressure side (27), which extend each in axial direction between a leading edge (24) and a trailing edge of said airfoil (29), whereby said leading edge (24) is cooled by means of impingement cooling with rows of radially distributed jets of a cooling medium impinging on the inner side of said leading edge (24), and whereby said row of radially distributed jets is generated at an internal web (16), which divides the hollow interior of the airfoil (29) into first and second cavities (15, 17), with the second cavity (17) being arranged at said leading edge (24). An enhanced cooling is achieved by said internal web (16) comprising two rows of radially distributed cooling medium supply holes (18, 19), through which cooling medium enters said second cavity (17) in form of impinging jets, whereby said cooling medium supply holes (18, 19) are oriented such that the directions of said jets of one row cross the directions of said jets of the other row.

A design for an effectively cooling a liner (7) of a gas turbine combustor by means of convective cooling is disclosed.

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A voltage source converter (30) comprises: first and second DC terminals (32,34) for connection to a DC electrical network (44); and a converter limb (36) directly connected between the first and second DC terminals (32,34), the converter limb (36) including: an AC terminal (42) for connection to an AC electrical network (46); a first limb portion (38) directly connected between the first DC terminal (32) and the AC terminal (42); and a second limb portion (40) directly connected between the second DC terminal (34) and the AC terminal (42), wherein only one of the first and second limb portions (38,40) includes a multilevel converter block (52), the other of the first and second limb portions (38,40) includes a switching block (48), the switching block (48) is switchable to selectively permit current flow in at least one direction in the corresponding limb portion (38) and inhibit current flow in at least one direction in the corresponding limb portion (38), and at least one of the first and second limb portions (38,40) is controllable to control the configuration of an AC voltage waveform at the AC terminal (42).

A solar receiver configuration (receiver) adapted to include a plurality of receiver heat transfer passes. Each pass includes a plurality of panels. Further, each panel includes a plurality of tubes, tangentially arranged, vertically extending between horizontally placed lower and upper headers. The headers, which are pipe assemblies with closed ends, of adjacent panels are horizontally and vertically offset one to another to form a substantially continuous tube surface. Such continuous tube surface enables solar heating of the fluid flow therefrom in at least a parallel flow arrangement and a serpentine flow arrangement.

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