FERRARI S.p.A. Patente

A motor vehicle (1) is described, comprising a supporting structure (2) and a plurality of wheels (3a, 3b) rotatable relative to the supporting structure (2). The supporting structure (2) comprises a face (2a), which is adapted to be facing the ground (G) on which the wheels (3a, 3b) rest and which defines a bottom area (7) of the motor vehicle (1). The motor vehicle (1) also comprises a plurality of oblong elements (15). Each oblong element (15) comprises a first end (15a) and a second end (15b), which are arranged opposed to each other along an extension direction (S) of the oblong element (15). Each oblong element (15) is also deformable and fixed to the supporting structure (2) on the side of the face (2a) at its first end (15a); the second end (15b) of each oblong element (15) is, in contrast, free and movable relative to the supporting structure (2).

A motor vehicle (1) includes an engine (8), an engine compartment (6), a passenger compartment (5), a firewall (15), an interior trim panel (16), a compartment (21) between the trim panel (16) and the firewall (15), a sound conveying duct (22) having an inlet (23) in the engine compartment (6) and extending according to at least one distribution portion (32) along a first axis (K) up to dividing at a division node into at least two disjoint branches (34) extending in the compartment (21) along respective branch axes (W) up to discharging in one or more through-openings (36) of the trim panel (16) with respective divergent portions (35), characterized by further comprising lateral ducts (41) having connecting portions (42) connecting respectively to the branches (34) with a configuration parallel to the divergent portions (35) and extending along respective second axes (H) from the connecting portions (42) up to discharging respectively at second through-openings (40) of the trim panel (16), the second through-openings (40) communicating with the passenger compartment (5).

A road car is provided with a support frame (2) for a passenger compartment (4), with an outer body (5) configured to define a front compartment (6) delimited by a front bumper (7) and by a front hood (8) and a rear compartment (9) delimited by a rear hood (10), with a front duct (12) extending between the front bumper (7) and the front hood (8) and configured to house a radiator (13) on the inside, and with a rear duct (16) obtained through the outer body (5) and under the rear hood (10) to receive at least part of an air flow fed along the front duct (12).

A battery pack (6) for an electric road vehicle (1), comprising: a casing (10); at least one electrochemical cell (11, 12) comprising, in turn, a cathode, an anode and a solid electrolyte electrically connected to the cathode and anode; the cell (11, 12) has a thickness (L) along a first axis (X) increasing, in use, following the activation of said first cell (11, 12) itself; the first cell (11, 12) is accommodated inside said casing (10); the battery pack (6) comprises a layer (46) of spongy material in contact with the first cell (11, 12) and adapted to permit, in use, the increase in the first thickness (L) along said first axis (X) of said first cell (11, 12); the battery pack (6) comprises a circuit (55), through which a heat transfer fluid can flow, which is adapted to cool the first cell (11, 12); the layer (46) defining at least one first branch (65) of the circuit (55).

A monitoring system (30) is described for monitoring by ion current the combustion in an internal combustion engine (26) of a vehicle (21), wherein the engine has at least one cylinder (32) defining a combustion chamber (45) and having associated therewith a first spark plug (54), facing the combustion chamber (45), and a second spark plug (58), arranged at a prechamber (56) communicating with the combustion chamber (45) through one or more connecting openings (57). The monitoring system (30) has a digital processing unit (31) provided with at least one acquisition channel (62) associated with a respective cylinder (32) and coupled to the corresponding first and second spark plugs (54, 58) so as to receive a first and, respectively, a second ion current signal (i_ion1, i_ion2), as a function of an ion flow between respective electrodes (2, 3) of the first and second spark plugs (54, 58). Said acquisition channel (62) is configured to process a combined signal (I_ion), resulting from a combination of said first and second ion current signals (i_ion1, i_ion2), to implement monitoring of the combustion of a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber (45).

A supercharging compressor (1) for an internal combustion engine (2) has an inlet port (8), an outlet port (9), a support body (10) and an impeller (11) that is coupled to the support body (10) so as to rotate about an axis (13) and is configured so as to draw in air from the inlet port (8) and compress this air towards the outlet port (9) when subjected to rotation; the compressor (1) also has a Peltier cell cooling device (19), arranged between the inlet port (8) and the impeller (11) and provided with at least one Peltier cell (25), which has two faces (26, 27), opposite each other, and is fed by means of electrical wiring (20) to generate a difference in temperature and, thus, a transfer of heat between these faces (26, 27) in order to cool the air at the inlet to the impeller (11).

A monitoring system (10) is described, adapted to monitor the operation of a burner (9) associated with an exhaust gas after-treatment apparatus (8) for exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine (6) of a vehicle (1), comprising: a Lambda probe (44), coupled to the burner (9) so as to detect information associated with a combustion within the burner (9); and a processing unit (12), operatively coupled to the Lambda probe (44) so as to use the information detected by the Lambda probe (44) to indirectly estimate temperature information associated with the burner (9). The processing unit (12) is adapted to recognize a correct ignition of an air/fuel mixture within the burner (9) and consequently a correct combustion, based on said temperature information.

A car (1) having two front wheels (2); two rear wheels (3); a body (4); at least one radiator (18) configured to be crossed by an air flow so as to transfer heat; at least one cooling duct (19), which contains the radiator (18) on the inside and extends between an inlet opening (20), which is obtained through the body (4), and an outlet opening (21), which is obtained through the body (4); and at least one lateral aerodynamic appendage (22) provided with an airfoil (23), which is located higher than the inlet opening (20) of the cooling duct (19), is shaped so as to generate a downforce, is oriented horizontally and is arranged at a given distance from the rest of the body (4) so that the air can also flow under the airfoil (23). The cooling duct (19) at least partly extends under the airfoil (23).

Front bumper (3) comprises a lateral end (5) provided with a through duct (6) extending longitudinally along a curvilinear axis (K) with a closed cross-section with respect to the curvilinear axis (K) and defined between an inlet opening (7) facing towards a front of the front bumper (3), and an outlet opening (8) facing towards an outer side of the front bumper (3).

A car (1) having: two front wheels (2); two rear wheels (3); a body (4), which has two front wheelhouses (9), which surround the front wheels (2) at the top, and two rear wheelhouses (10), which surround the rear wheels (3) at the top; a cabin (5), which is obtained inside the body (4) between the front wheels (2) and the rear wheels (3); a front compartment (7) obtained within the body (4) and arranged in front of the cabin (5) between the front wheels (2); an openable front hood (8), which covers the front compartment (7) at the top and has, on each side, at least one through vent opening (11) configured for the passage of air; and, for each front wheelhouse (9), an air passage duct (12), which connects a through inlet opening (13) obtained through the front wheelhouse (9) to a respective vent opening (11) of the front hood (8).

A motor vehicle (1) includes a bottom (3) having a lower surface (5) facing towards the ground, a panel (6) having an external upper surface (6b) facing towards an external space above the motor vehicle (1), characterized by comprising an aerodynamic duct (10) passing substantially vertically from a first opening (11) on the lower surface (5) of the bottom (3) to a second opening (12) on the upper surface (6b) of the panel (6).

A cooling method and unit (4) of a vehicle (1) for cooling a radiant mass (5); wherein, the cooling unit (4) comprises an inlet port (6), an outlet port (7), a conduit (8) which fluidically connects the inlet port (6) with the outlet port (7), a pneumo-system (9) installed along said conduit (8) and a radiant system (12) installed along said conduit (8); the method comprising the steps of: conveying a flow of air (A) through said inlet port (6) within the conduit (8); cooling the carrier fluid (f) which traverses the radiant system (12) by means of said flow of air (A) and generating a thrust force (Fs) by means of the flow of air (A) exiting from the outlet port (7).

A vehicle (1) having: a body (4) provided with a windscreen (6) and two front pillars (10), each laterally delimiting the windscreen (6); and a windscreen wiper system (12) provided with one single arm (13), with a blade (14), which is coupled to the arm (13) and is pushed by the arm (13) against an outer surface of the windscreen (6), and with an actuator device (15) configured to move the arm (13) on the windscreen (6) with an alternating movement entailing at least one section (T1; T), in which the arm (13) makes a pure translation linear movement. The actuator device (15) has: a guide (18), which is integral to the body (4) and defines the pure translation linear movement of the arm (13); a slide (19), which is mounted so as to slide on the guide (18) and supports the arm (13); and a first electric motor (23), which moves the slide (19) along the guide (18). The guide (18) is directly and exclusively fixed to a lower edge of the windscreen (6).

A vehicle (1) having: a body (4) provided with a windscreen (6) and two front pillars (10), each laterally delimiting the windscreen (6); and a windscreen wiper system (12) provided with one single arm (13), with a blade (14), which is coupled to the arm (13) and is pushed by the arm (13) against an outer surface of the windscreen (6), and with an actuator device (15) configured to move the arm (13) on the windscreen (6) with an alternating movement entailing at least one section (T1; T), in which the arm (13) makes a pure translation linear movement, and configured to arrange the arm (13) in a rest position, in which the arm (13) remains stationary when the windscreen wiper system (12) is turned off. In the rest position, the arm (13) is arranged close to a front pillar (10).

A seat (1) for a vehicle having: a base structure (5), which is rigid, is configured to be fixed to a floorboard of the vehicle and is divided into a cushion (2) and a backrest (3) spaced apart from the cushion (2), thus defining a space (8) between the backrest (3) and the cushion (2); an upholstery (6), which is elastically deformable, at least partially covers the base structure (5), constitutes the outermost part of the seat (1) that comes into contact with a body of a passenger of the seat (1) and has at least one component (7) fixed to the base structure (5); and a filling system (9) provided with a filling body (10), which can assume a passive position, in which the filling body (10) is external to the space (8) between the backrest (3) and the cushion (2), and an active position, in which the filling body (10) is in the space (8) between the backrest (3) and the cushion (2).

A hybrid motor vehicle (1) has a plurality of wheels (7,9), and an internal combustion engine (14), with a drive shaft (20) adapted to be mechanically connected to at least one of the wheels (9) by means of a clutch (18); at least one electric motor (13) is provided to supply driving torque to said wheel (9) via the clutch (18), in combination with or alternatively to the internal combustion engine (14); the electric motor (13) is mechanically connected, or adapted to be connected, to the drive shaft (20) when the clutch (18) is disengaged in such a way as to be used to start the internal combustion engine (14) via a procedure performed by an electronic command and control unit (25); said procedure includes the steps of: causing the rotation of the drive shaft (20) by means of the electric motor (13), until reaching a rotational speed (V) equal to a given value (L), and then maintaining this value (L) constant as rotational speed (V) for a given time (T), at the end of which fuel is injected into the internal combustion engine (14) in order to obtain an ignition (A).

In a lubrication and/or cooling oil supply circuit in a car, a supply pump (7) provided with a suction duct (10) supplies oil along a delivery branch (8) extending from a tank (6) to a utility (4) to be lubricated and/or cooled housed in a chamber (3) connected to the tank (6) via a return branch (9) provided with at least one supply duct (17); the suction duct (10) having an outer channel (19) which is obtained on an outer surface of the suction duct (10), is limited by an outer wall (22) coupled in a fluid-tight manner to the supply duct (17) of the return branch (9), and communicates with the oil tank (6) via at least one opening (25) obtained through the outer wall (22).

A system for moving a contents displaying device of a road vehicle has a ball joint (8) provided with a fixed coupling portion (9) configured to be connected to a dashboard mounted inside a cabin of the road vehicle and a movable coupling portion (10) coupled in a rotary manner to the fixed coupling portion (9) and configured to be connected to a screen (3) of the contents displaying device; the fixed and movable coupling portions (9, 10) being provided with respective coupling elements (12, 14, 21) having spherical shape arranged at a given distance from one another.

Road vehicle with variable rear aerodynamic load; wherein the vehicle comprises a roll axis X, a pitch axis Y, a yaw axis Z, a front end penetrating the air as the vehicle moves forward, a cockpit and a rear end beyond which the aerodynamic flow detaches from the vehicle; wherein between the passenger compartment and the rear end there is an aerodynamic channel with development along the roll axis X and with an exhaust port at the rear end; wherein, at the exhaust port, the aerodynamic channel is delimited at the top by an inner face of a first aerodynamic body, at the bottom by an inner face of a diffuser body and laterally by two substantially vertical opposite walls; wherein a second aerodynamic body is provided at the exhaust port near a rear edge of the diffuser body; wherein the second aerodynamic body can rotate around an axis A parallel to the pitch axis Y.

A road vehicle (1) comprising: a roll axis (X), a pitch axis (Y) and a yaw axis (Z); an external chassis provided with one or more aerodynamic elements (5,6,16,17) over which an aerodynamic flow flows when the vehicle moves forward; a cooling circuit wherein a cooling fluid circulates; wherein at least one of the aerodynamic elements (5,6,16,17) of the external chassis is part of the cooling circuit and is configured to allow the cooling fluid to flow through it in such a way as to permit the transfer of heat from the cooling fluid to the aerodynamic flow.

A motor vehicle (1), in particular a sports car, has a body (2) with a roof surface (23) provided with a rear edge (24) in front of an uncovered volume (8), in turn arranged in front of an aerodynamic element (25) impinged on, in use, by an airflow (F3) which is generated by the advancement of the motor vehicle (1) and detaches from the rear edge (24) so as to flow through the uncovered volume (8); the motor vehicle (1) further has an adjustment system (40) for varying the vertical aerodynamic load of the aerodynamic element (25), by adjusting the direction of incidence of the airflow (F3); such adjustment is performed by moving at least one portion (48) of a wing (43), arranged in a position longitudinally intermediate between the rear edge (24) of the roof surface (23) and a front end (39) of the motor vehicle (1), and in a position vertically facing and spaced apart with respect to a body surface (45), so as to define a duct (47) which, in use, is got through by air (F1) that will then form the airflow (F3) in the uncovered volume (8).

A steering wheel (12) for a motor vehicle, the steering wheel having a steering wheel shaft (13) extending along a steering wheel axis (A) and configured to be coupled to an outer casing (11) in a rotatable manner about the steering wheel axis (A), a control portion (14) coupled to the steering wheel shaft (13) so as to have at least one use configuration, wherein the control portion (14) is rotatable to drive the steering wheel shaft (13) into rotation about the steering wheel axis (A), characterized in that the control portion (14) is hinged with respect to the steering wheel shaft (13) about a hinge axis (H) orthogonal to the steering wheel axis (A), so as to be rotatable about the hinge axis (H) with respect to the steering wheel shaft (A) between the use configuration and a rest configuration.

A motor vehicle (1) comprises a body (2) with a plurality of cockpit walls (3) defining a cockpit (4) to accommodate a driver, a wall unit comprising one or more of said cockpit walls and/or a fascia (5) of the motor vehicle fixed with respect to the cockpit walls, and a steering assembly (10) housed in the cockpit (4) and comprising an outer casing (11) coupled to the cockpit walls and a steering wheel (12) having a steering wheel shaft (13) extending along a steering wheel axis (A) and coupled to the outer casing, and a control portion coupled to the steering wheel shaft, characterized by comprising a mechanism (30) to reconfigure the steering assembly (10) between a first and a second configuration, wherein the control portion (14) in the first configuration has at least one use configuration with respect to the steering wheel shaft, and wherein the control portion in the second configuration has at least one rest configuration, the control portion (14) in the rest configuration having at least one steering wheel wall arranged flush with the wall unit when the steering assembly (10) is in the second configuration, so as to appear integrated with the wall unit.

A motor vehicle (1; 1') is described that comprises a front end (31) and a rear end (32) that are opposite to each other according to an advancement direction (A) and a body (2). The body (2) comprises, in turn, a floor panel (3) and a pair of shell portions (4) coupled to the floor panel (3) and spaced apart from each other along a first axis (Y) of the motor vehicle (1; 1'). The shell portions (4) define respective compartments (5) with the floor panel (3), at least one of which is a cabin configured to accommodate a user of the motor vehicle (1; 1'). The body (2) further comprises an aerodynamic duct (30) extending between the shell portions (4) along the first axis (Y) and between the front end (31) and the rear end (32) along a second roll axis (X) of the motor vehicle (1; 1'); and at least one downforce wing (40, 41, 15, 42) that is arranged within the aerodynamic duct (30) and/or defining the aerodynamic duct (30).

Motor vehicle comprising a body, in turn comprising a shell (7, 10) internally defining a cavity (7b, 7c) arranged to be externally struck by an airflow coming from outside the motor vehicle during an advancement of the motor vehicle, and permeable to the airflow, such that a portion of the airflow penetrates inside the cavity (7b, 7c), a lattice structure (40) internally attached to the shell (7, 10) so as to form a single body with the shell (7, 10) and arranged to at least partially fill the cavity (7b, 7c) and define a network of ducts inside the cavity (7b, 7c) to guide said portion of the airflow through the cavity (7b, 7c) towards an outlet from the shell (7, 10), the motor vehicle further comprising a heat source (43) thermally coupled to the lattice structure (40) to conduct heat through the lattice structure (40), so that the lattice structure (40) in turn transfers the heat to the portion of the airflow.

A steering wheel (12) for a motor vehicle (1), the steering wheel (12) having a steering wheel shaft (13) extending along a steering wheel axis (A) and configured to be coupled to an outer casing (11) in a rotatable manner about the steering wheel axis (A), a control portion (14) coupled to the steering wheel shaft (13) so as to have at least one use configuration, wherein the control portion (14) is rotatable to drive the steering wheel shaft (13) into rotation about the steering wheel axis (A), wherein the control portion (14) has, in the use configuration, a back wall (15) and a front wall (16) opposite each other according to the steering wheel axis (A), as well as a first radial end (17) according to a first direction (R), the first direction (R) being radial with respect to the steering wheel axis (A) in the use configuration, wherein the first radial end (17) is arranged between the back wall (15) and the front wall (16) according to the steering wheel axis (A) in the use configuration, characterized in that the radial end (17) has a recess (18) extending along the first direction and sandwiched between the back wall (15) and the front wall (16), so as to be exposed outside the control portion (14) in the use configuration.

A motor vehicle (1) includes a body (2), in turn comprising a floorboard (3) and a pair of shell portions (4) coupled to the floorboard (3) at respective opposite lateral ends of the motor vehicle (1), according to a pitch axis (Y) of the motor vehicle, and arranged to define with the floorboard (3) respective distinct passenger compartments (5) of the motor vehicle and with at least one portion (8) of an external volume of the motor vehicle interposed between the shell portions (4) according to the pitch axis (Y).

A steering wheel (12) for a motor vehicle (1) has a control portion (14) rotatable about a steering wheel axis (A) and a control paddle (70) to control a function of the motor vehicle, wherein the control portion (14) is axially delimited between a back wall (15) and a front wall (16) opposite each other according to the steering wheel axis (A), characterized by comprising a slide (72) slidable between a first and a second position on a guide (71) defined by the back wall (15), wherein the control paddle (70) in the first position of the slide is at least partially inserted in a seat (73) of the back wall and has a first face (70a) facing a bottom (75) of the seat according to the steering wheel axis and a second face (70b) opposite the first face according to the steering wheel axis and arranged at least partially flush with an outer surface (77) of the back wall, so as to blend in with the back wall, as well as for the possible remaining part hidden by the back wall inside the seat (73), or entirely hidden by the back wall (15), wherein the control paddle (70) in the second position of the slide is at least partially extracted from the seat (73) and free to rotate.

Road vehicle (1) with variable rear aerodynamic load; wherein the vehicle (1) comprises a roll axis (X), a pitch axis (Y), a yaw axis (Z), a front end (2) of air penetration as the vehicle (1) moves forward, a cockpit (3) and a rear end (4) beyond which the aerodynamic flow flowing above the cockpit detaches from the vehicle (1); wherein the rear end (4) comprises: a aerodynamic body (5) configured to generate a rear aerodynamic load as the vehicle (1) moves forward; a light assembly (6) housing at least one electrical lighting device; wherein the light assembly (6) is movable in relation to the aerodynamic body (5) to move between a first configuration, wherein it does not cooperate with the aerodynamic body (5) and does not contribute to rear aerodynamic load generation, and a second configuration wherein it cooperates with the aerodynamic body (5) and contributes to rear aerodynamic load generation.

A method for the protection of the passengers of a vehicle (1) having a row of seats (5; 5I; 5II) inside a passenger compartment (3) delimited above by an inner roof (21); wherein an airbag (7; 7I; 7II) is fixed, in use, to the inner roof (21) of the passenger compartment (3) and has a flexible body (8) with one or more gas areas (10), each of which is configured to form a respective cushion (13); wherein the airbag (7; 7I; 7II), when it is open, protrudes from the inner roof (21); the flexible body (8) having a maximum width (ymax) greater than 50%, in particular greater than 80% of the width of the passenger compartment (3); when it is open, the airbag (7; 7I; 7II) protects the passengers of an entire row of seats (5; 5I; 5II); when it is open, the airbag (7; 7I; 7II) protrudes under the inner roof (21) of the passenger compartment (3) between the dashboard (22) and the seats and covers, widthwise, at least 50% of the dashboard (22).

A turbocharger for road vehicles has a turbine (2) provided with a first impeller (6) engaged in a first containing casing (3) in a rotary manner, a compressor (7) provided with a second impeller (11) engaged in a second containing casing (8) in a rotary manner, and a transmission shaft (12) coupled to the impellers (6, 11) of the turbine (2) and the compressor (7) in an angularly fixed manner and engaged in a rotary manner through at least one support bearing (13, 14); the impeller (11) of the compressor (7) being axially limited by an end face (16) facing the second containing casing (8) and provided with at least one tooth (17, 19) configured to generate a pressure drop in an air flow fed between the impeller (11) and the containing casing (8) of the compressor (7).

A road vehicle with a roll axis X, a pitch axis Y and a yaw axis Z; wherein the vehicle comprises a frame, two front wheels, two rear wheels, an active front suspension unit acting on the front wheels and/or an active rear suspension unit acting on the rear wheels; wherein the active front and/or rear suspension unit comprises: a first and a second rocker arm coupled to the frame from opposite sides along the pitch axis and rotatable around the corresponding pins with axes which are parallel to each other, included in a plane orthogonal to the yaw axis Z and at the same elevation along the yaw axis Z; a first and a second suspension arm each having a first end coupled to the corresponding rocker arm on the wheel side and a second end coupled to the corresponding wheel; a preferably active rod damper of variable length along an axis A" parallel to the pitch axis Y having a first end coupled to one of the two rocker arms and a second end coupled to the other rocker arm; a crossbar bridging the two rocker arms; an electric motor acting directly on the bar to control the rotation of the bar along an axis M parallel to the axes of the pins and thus generate the coordinated rotation of the two rocker arms.

A steering assembly (1) comprises a support structure (7) designed to be coupled to a chassis of a road vehicle and extending along a longitudinal axis (5); a coaxial sleeve (10), slidingly movable with respect to the support structure (7); a steering column (4), coaxial and internal to the sleeve (10), comprising a portion (12) capable of rotating with respect to the sleeve (10) and slidingly movable, together with the sleeve (10), with respect to the support structure (7); and a retaining element (15), which is fixed to the support structure (7) and to the sleeve (10) at two ends (16, 17), respectively, has a length such that it limits a sliding of the sleeve (10) in a departing direction (V1) away from the support structure (7) to a predefined limit sliding value (PL1) and is flexible to allow the sleeve (10) to slide in an approaching direction (V2).

An electric motor (2) comprises a stator (4) and a rotor (5) rotatable around a rotor axis (A) fixed with respect to the stator (4), characterized in that the rotor (5) comprises a phase change material (PCM) solid or semi-solid at ambient temperature and adapted to liquefy at a liquefaction temperature within a range of operating temperatures of the electric motor (2).

A road vehicle that develops along a longitudinal direction and with a roll axis X, a pitch axis Y and a yaw axis Z; wherein the vehicle comprises a frame and four wheels; for each wheel there is a suspension unit connecting the corresponding wheel to the frame; at least one of the suspension unit being an active suspension unit comprising: a rocker arm coupled to the frame in a rotary manner around a pivot with an axis A substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of development of the vehicle; a suspension rod having a first end coupled to the rocker arm on the wheel side and a second end coupled to the wheel; a rod damper with a variable length along an axis A' having a first movable end coupled to the rocker arm on the frame side and a second fixed end coupled to the frame; an electric motor configured to generate a rotational torque that causes the rocker arm to rotate around the pivot; wherein the electric motor acts directly upon the rocker arm at the pivot.

A hydrogen internal combustion engine is provided with at least one cylinder (2) having an inlet (16) to feed oxidizing air into the cylinder (2) and with an outlet (17) to let combustion gases out of the cylinder (2), at least one piston (6, 7) engaged in a sliding manner in the cylinder (2), and an injection unit (21) to feed fuel hydrogen into the cylinder (2); the injection unit (21) having a feeding manifold (22), which extends around at least part of a side wall (5) of the cylinder (2), and communicates with the cylinder (2) through a plurality of feeding holes (24) obtained through the side wall (5) of the cylinder (2).

A control system (4) is described for a wind turbine (2) provided with blades (3) and an electrical machine (5) coupled to the blades (3) for the generation of electrical energy from wind kinetic energy. The system provides: a control stage (10), to generate control signals (δ<1>, δ<2>, δ<3>) for the electrical machine (5) through a feedback control based on measured quantities (I<dMEAS>, I<qMEAS>) and reference quantities (I<dTGT>, I<qTGT>); and a reference generation stage (20), to generate the reference quantities (I<dTGT>, I<qTGT>) for the control stage (10). The reference generation stage (20) determines a control target for the generation of reference quantities (I<dTGT>, I<qTGT>) using a characterization map of the wind turbine (2) and operating in closed loop based on feedback of wind speed to which the wind turbine (2) is subjected.

Method for controlling the injection of a coolant into a combustion chamber (8) of an internal combustion engine (7) of a motor vehicle (1); the motor vehicle (1) comprises a vehicular powertrain (2) comprising a propulsion unit (4) and a transmission system interposed between the propulsion unit (4) and drive wheels (6) of the motor vehicle (1), the propulsion unit (4) comprises at least the internal combustion engine (7). The propulsion unit (4) comprises at least one cylinder (9) comprising at least a first and a second injector (10A, 10B) configured to inject fuel and the coolant, respectively, into the combustion chamber (8) or into the intake duct of the internal combustion engine (7). The method comprises the steps of: acquiring (S100) at least one electrical signal (SI₁, SI_i); determining (S101) a corresponding quantity (FFS₁, FFS_i) indicative of the rate of the combustion reaction within the internal combustion engine (7) based on the acquired electrical signal (SI₁, SI_i) associated with the operation of the injectors (10A, 10B); verifying (S102-S105, S110) that the quantity (FFS₁, FFS_i) indicative of the rate of the combustion reaction within the internal combustion engine (7) meets a control criterion; if the quantity (FFS₁, FFS_i) indicative of the rate of the combustion reaction within the internal combustion engine (7) meets the control criterion, performing (S106-S109) first actions to control the injection of coolant into the combustion chamber (8); and if the quantity (FFS₁, FFS_i) indicative of the rate of the combustion reaction within the internal combustion engine (7) does not meet the control criterion, performing (S111-S114) second actions to control the injection of coolant into the combustion chamber (8).

Prismatic type battery cell (6) comprising: a box-shaped metal case (9), which, in turn, comprises a first base wall (11) and a second base wall (12), opposite each other along a longitudinal axis (L) of the cell; a stack (10) comprising a plurality of electrode plates (19) alternating with each other and interspaced by separator material foils; a venting system (24), which, upon exceeding a pressure inside the box-shaped metal case (9) above a predefined threshold value, is configured to allow gas to escape from the inside to the outside of the metal box-shaped metal case (9); wherein the venting system (24) is located in the area the first base wall (11) and/or the second base wall (12) and is configured to use the first base wall (11) and/or the second base wall as a valve.

Prismatic type battery cell (6) comprising: box-shaped metal case (9), which, in turn, comprises a first base wall (11) and a second base wall (12), opposite one another along a longitudinal axis (L) of the cell; a stack (10) comprising a plurality of electrode plates (19) alternating with each other and interspaced by separator material foils; wherein the electrode plates (19) are alternately anode plates (20) and cathode plates (21), which extend lengthwise along the longitudinal axis (L) and widthwise along a transverse axis (T), perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L), respectively; wherein the anode plates (20) project, along the longitudinal (L) axis, first metal terminal elements (22) toward the first base wall (11); the cathode plates (21) project, along the longitudinal (L) axis, in the opposite direction relative to the first metal terminal elements (22), second metal terminal elements (23) toward the second base wall (12); the second metal terminal elements (23) extend across the entire width of the cathode plates (21).