GE Vernova Technology Patente

Devices, systems, and methods for controlling active energy provided by an energy island to an synchronous alternating current (AC) grid via a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission circuit may include an HVDC transmission circuit connecting an energy island, including wind turbines, solar panels, and energy storage systems, to a synchronous AC grid; and a fast energy controller (FEC), remote from the HVDC transmission circuit, configured to: receive, from the HVDC transmission circuit, an indication of an electrical energy demanded from the synchronous AC grid; determine a difference between a power demanded by the synchronous AC grid and the electrical energy; and based on a comparison of the difference to a deadband range with an upper threshold and a lower threshold, cause the energy island to adjust an amount of active energy provided by the energy storage systems to the synchronous AC grid.

A system may include a gas capture system (20) comprising a separation material, wherein the gas capture system (20) is configured to operate a regeneration process during a part load operation and/or a shutdown operation to desorb undesirable gas from the separation material to regenerate the separation material for an absorption process, a heat recovery steam generator (HSRG) (16) configured to receive exhaust gas (62) and generate steam (128), and a backup line (160) fluidly coupling the gas capture system (20) to the HRSG (16), wherein the backup line (160) is configured to provide the steam (128) from the HRSG (16) to the gas capture system (20) for the regeneration process during the part load operation and/or the shutdown operation.

A micromixer (120) for combusting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber (131) of a combustor (106) is provided. The micromixer includes a fuel plenum (124), an air plenum (126), and a plurality of mixing tubes (130). Certain mixing tube(s) (150) include a body portion (160) made of a first material and including a first end and a second end, the first end in fluid communication with the fuel and air plenums. A cladded tip portion (170) made of a second, different material is coupled to the second end of the body portion. The cladded tip portion includes a combustion end (172) configured to direct the fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber. A tapered inner surface (180) extends from the combustion end of the cladded tip portion to a location (182) on the body portion. The body portion has a cylindrical inner diameter (ID1) from the location to the first end of the body portion.

The invention refers to an electric arc blast nozzle (10) having an interior housing (12) extending along a longitudinal axis (X) and enclosing an interior space (13). The interior housing (12) is particularly configured to locate electrical contacts (24, 25) of a circuit breaker (11) therein. When used in a circuit breaker, the electric arc blast nozzle (10) can be moved together with one of the electrical contacts in longitudinal direction (L) relative to the other electrical contact. According to the invention, the interior housing (12) of the electric arc blast nozzle (10) is intimately covered by at least one outer layer (32) comprising a reinforcement layer (33). In doing so, gas-filled gaps and cavities are avoided between the at least one outer layer (32) and the interior housing (12), which reduces the risk of partial discharge.

An inspection system (126) for inspecting cooling holes (120) in a component (90) and a related method are provided. The inspection system includes at least one inspection element (128). Each inspection element includes a probe element (132) configured to be inserted into a respective cooling hole (120) of the plurality of cooling holes. Each inspection element includes a three-axes force/torque transducer (140) operatively coupled to each probe element. The three-axes force/torque transducer measures three-axes forces applied to the probe element and three-axes torques applied to the probe element during insertion of the probe element into the respective cooling hole. A controller (150) is operatively coupled to each inspection element and determines whether the respective cooling hole into which a respective inspection element is inserted is at least partially blocked based on at least one of the three-axes forces and the three-axes torques measured by the three-axes force/torque transducer of the respective inspection element.

A HGP segment, such as a nozzle or shroud, for a GT system includes a body. A seal slot is defined in the face of side edge(s) of the body. Each seal slot has radial inner and outer walls, an inner sidewall between the radially inner and outer walls, and receives part of a sealing member extending between the seal slots of adjacent segments. Groove(s) are defined in one or both of the radial inner and outer walls of the seal slot and extend transverse to the slot. The groove(s) extend between the inner sidewall of the respective seal slot and the face of the respective side edge. A cooling passage is defined in the body and has an outlet defined in the inner sidewall within the at least one groove of the slot and an inlet in fluid communication with an inner coolant source defined in the body.

A system includes at least one component of a turbine section (22). The at least one component includes a fuel port (56) formed into a wall (111) of the at least one component, which is configured to inject fuel (52) into a chamber (94) of the turbine section. The at least one component also includes an inert gas port (57) formed into the wall upstream of the fuel port. The inert gas port is configured to inject an inert gas (54) to flow at least partially around the injected fuel in a buffer region (228) downstream from the fuel port. The presence of the inert gas in the buffer region may mitigate an ignition of the fuel near the surface of the wall downstream of the fuel port (e.g., flame anchoring) and/or help to lift the flame from the ignited fuel into the hot gas flow path.

An injector system (130) and method for masking a plurality of openings (134) in a component are provided. The injector system includes at least one injector body (132) configured to be positioned within a respective opening. Each injector body includes a radiation transmitting channel (150) and a radiation-curable material passage (160) defined in the injector body adjacent to the radiation transmitting channel. The radiation transmitting channel (150) includes a first terminal end (152) and a second opposing end (154) configured to optically communicate with a source of radiation (138), and the radiation-curable material passage (160) includes a first terminal end (162), and a second opposing end (164) configured to fluidly communicate with a source of radiation-curable material (136). A radiation block (170) is between the channel and the passage to prevent radiation from the channel from entering the passage. The injector system simultaneously injects and cures radiation-curable masking material.

A printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) and methods for fabricating a PCHE for use in facilitating heat transfer includes providing a plurality of plates that each include a plurality of densely spaced channels configured to channel fluid through the PCHE. The method also includes applying a protective coating to pre-defined regions identified on at least one of the plurality of plates, wherein the protective coating facilitates extending a useful life of the PCHE, and coupling at least two of the plurality of plates together to create the PCHE.

A tool (200) for thrust clearance testing a turbine rotor includes at least one turbine rotor thrust engagement element (220). Each engagement element includes an adjustable clamp (230) including a first engagement member (232), a second engagement member (234), and a space adjuster (236) configured to adjust a distance (D) between the first and second engagement members. The first and second engagement members are configured to engage opposing axial ends of coupling flange(s) (202, 204) of a load coupling (120) extending from at least the turbine rotor (110). The tool also includes a dual-action linear actuator (260) coupled to the adjustable clamp and having an actuator end (262), and a fixture (270) configured to axially fix the actuator end of the actuator to a stationary structure (272) adjacent the turbine rotor. A controller (300) is configured to activate the actuator of each engagement element to move the turbine rotor between a first axial direction (Al) and a second axial direction (A2) opposite to the first axial direction.

A method (1300) for fabricating a ceramic mold (100) is provided. The method (1300) includes additively manufacturing the ceramic mold (100) with a liquid ceramic photopolymer by using an additive manufacturing system (400). The ceramic mold (100) includes a core structure (104) and a shell structure (102). A cavity (110) is defined between the core structure (104) and the shell structure (102) that is adapted to define a shape of a cast component (45). The shell structure (102) defines a plurality of shell apertures (106). The method (1300) further includes inserting each pin (108) of a plurality of pins (108) through a first shell aperture (106) of the plurality of shell apertures (106), across a portion of the cavity (110), and into one of a second shell aperture (106) of the plurality of shell apertures (106) or contact with the core structure (104).

A method includes additively manufacturing a first portion of the ceramic mold (100). The main body (162) of the core structure (104) defines a plurality of main body apertures (166). The method further includes additively manufacturing a second portion of the ceramic mold (100) that includes a tip cap (164) of the core structure (104). The tip cap (164) of the core structure (104) defines a plurality of tip cap apertures (168). The method further includes firing the first portion and the second portion of the ceramic mold (100). The method further includes, after firing the first portion and the second portion of the ceramic mold (100), connecting the first portion and the second portion by inserting each pin (108) of a plurality of pins (108) into a respective main body aperture (166) of the plurality of main body apertures (166) and a respective tip cap aperture (168) of the plurality of tip cap apertures (168).

There is provided a computer-implemented method (300) of controlling a relay for an electrical line. The method (300) comprises providing (308a), a control signal for tripping one or more components of the electrical line if a fault is determined and all of a plurality of supervisory checks are determined to be satisfied, or, providing (308b) the control signal if an apparent impedance enters into and remains within a third characteristic for a predetermined period of time. A first supervisory check (307a) comprises determining the apparent impedance has entered into a second characteristic. A second supervisory check (307b) comprises determining a first difference, the first difference being based on a positive sequence voltage angle and a positive sequence current angle; determining a rate of change of the first difference; and determining that a magnitude of the rate of change of the first difference is less than a first threshold value. A third supervisory check (307c) comprises determining, based on positive sequence voltage angles of present and previously stored positive sequence voltage phasors or positive sequence voltage samples, a second difference; and determining that a magnitude of the second difference is less than a second threshold value. A fourth supervisory check (307d) comprises determining a directionality based on an emulated electromechanical disk behaviour; and determining the directionality satisfies a preset direction.

A combustor (130) for a gas turbine system (100) includes an additively manufactured (AM) one-piece member (164) with a combustion liner (166) with a transition portion (170) and an aft frame (190) at an aft end (232) of the transition portion (170). An impingement cooling structure of the transition portion (170) includes impingement openings (254) leading to an internal impingement cavity (256). A coolant passage (260) extends from the internal impingement cavity (256) to the aft end (232) of the transition portion (170). A coolant passage (260) outlet is near an aft rail (266) extending radially inward from the transition portion (170) aft end (232) and axially spaced from the aft frame (190). In operation, coolant enters the internal impingement cavity (256) through the impingement openings (254), then travels through the coolant passage (260) to cool the aft rail (266). The AM combustor body (160) includes a plurality of parallel, metallurgically bonded metal layers (280). The impingement cooling structure promotes increased cooling to the aft frame (190) and combustion liner (166) without loss of structural strength.

A shortened piping layout for a steam cycle circuit (352) of a combined-cycle power plant (354) without thermal expansion loops is provided. The piping layout includes a first steam pipe (366) to provide a first supply of main steam from a steam generating source (356) to a first turbine section (126, 226) of a steam turbine system (358). A first steam admission valve (361) is configured to receive the first supply of main steam at a bottom portion. A cold reheat steam pipe (368) supplies cold reheat steam exhausted from the first turbine section to the steam generating source for reheating. A hot reheat steam pipe (370) supplies hot reheat steam from the steam generating source to a second turbine section. At least one reheat steam admission valve (363) is configured to receive the hot reheat steam at a side portion for introduction to a side portion of the second turbine section.

Described herein are compositions, and more particularly to alloy compositions and articles formed with the alloy compositions. The alloy compositions are broadly applicable in applications requiring alloys with improved oxidation resistance and improved creep strength.

A system (10) includes an intake heating system (16) having one or more heat exchangers (121). The one or more heat exchangers (121) are fluidly coupled to a steam turbine system (64), a gas turbine system (12), a carbon capture system (100), and a heat recovery steam generator (66) (HRSG). The one or more heat exchangers (121) are configured to receive steam from the HRSG, the steam turbine system (64), or a combination thereof. The one or more heat exchangers (121) are also configured to receive an air (96). The one or more heat exchangers (121) are also configured to place the steam (116) in a heat exchange relationship with the air (96) to produce a heated air (118) and a cooled steam (119). The one or more heat exchangers (121) are also configured to send the cooled steam (119) to the carbon capture system (100). The one or more heat exchangers (121) are also configured to send the heated air (118) to one or more injection locations of the gas turbine system (12).

There is provided a method performed by a DC voltage controller for a HVDC converter, the method comprising: generating a synchronous phase angle from a DC voltage error, wherein the DC voltage error is generated from a measured DC voltage and a demanded DC voltage; generating an AC grid phase angle from an AC grid signal; generating a DC power compensation function based at least in part on the measured DC voltage; and generating, for the HVDC converter, a phase angle demand based on at least one of: the synchronous phase angle, the AC grid phase angle, and the DC power compensation function.

The invention refers to a wireless power transmission system (10) and method. It comprises a power transmitter arrangement (11) and a power receiver arrangement (12). The power transmitter arrangement (11) is configured to transmit electromagnetic wave pulses (W) to the power receiver arrangement (12), where the electrical energy can be accumulated and/or stored. The power receiver arrangement (12) is configured to create a feedback signal (F) for controlling the amount of transmitted electrical energy and/or power. The feedback signal (F) is wirelessly transmitted from the power receiver arrangement (12) to the power transmitter arrangement (11). In the power transmitter arrangement (11) the creation of electric pulses (P) resulting in the transmission of electromagnetic wave pulses (W) is controlled based on the received feedback signal (F).

There is provided a method performed by a DC voltage controller for a HVDC converter, the method comprising: generating a synchronous angular speed and synchronous phase angle based on a DC voltage error signal; determining an AC grid phase angle from a combination signal, wherein the combination signal is based on an AC grid signal and a function of the synchronous angular speed; generating, for the HVDC converter, a phase angle demand, wherein the phase angle demand is based on the AC grid phase angle and the synchronous phase angle.

A system (100) for fluoride-ion cleaning processes includes at least one test device (200) configured to be received within an interior volume (104) of a reaction chamber (102). A test volume (VOL1) is defined by each of the at least one test device (200).Each of the at least one test device (200) defines a metering inlet (208) through which reaction gas from the interior volume (104) of the reaction chamber (102) is received in the test volume (VOL1). Additionally, the system (100) includes at least one test sample (202), each of the at least one test sample (202) being configured to be received within the test volume (VOL1) of a respective one of the at least one test device (200) and cleaned by the reaction gas received within the test volume (VOL1) through the metering inlet (208).

Methods and systems for controlling access to restricted functionality (125) of a computing device (100) are provided. The method (400) can include receiving a request for access to restricted functionality (125) of a computing device (100), the request for access identifying at least a portion of the restricted functionality (125) to be unlocked. The method (400) can include transmitting the request to a trusted license store (140) and receiving data indicative of a license, including an identifier of the portion of the restricted functionality (125) and a number of times the user may access the restricted functionality (125). The method (400) can include determining that the user has not accessed the restricted functionality (125) more than the number of times the user may access the restricted functionality (125). The method (400) can include, in response to determining that the user has not accessed the restricted functionality (125) more than the number of times, providing access to the restricted functionality (125).

A fuel injector (200) for a gas turbine combustor (17) is provided. The fuel injector (200) includes an annular main body (300) extending from a first end (301) to a second end (302). The annular main body (300) defines a centerline axis (303) extending from the first end (301) to the second end (302), and at least a portion of a fuel circuit (320) extends along the centerline axis (303). A first plurality of fluid inlets (345) is disposed about the fuel circuit (320), and a second plurality of fluid inlets (350) is disposed about the first plurality of fluid inlets (345). The fuel circuit (320) includes a fuel inlet (324) and a fuel outlet (330) in fluid communication with the fuel inlet (324). An exterior surface of the fuel outlet (330) forms a fuel outlet angle (500) relative to the centerline axis (303).

A hydrogen capable fuel injector (200, 500) for a combustor (17) of a gas turbine engine (10) is provided. The fuel injector (200, 500) includes an annular body (300) extending from a first end (301) to a second end (302) and a fuel circuit (340) at least partially disposed in the annular body (300). The annular body (300) defines a centerline axis (303) extending from the first end (301) to the second end (302). The fuel circuit (340) includes a fuel plenum (345), a primary fuel outlet (348) in fluid communication with the fuel plenum (345) and extending along the centerline axis (303), and a plurality of secondary fuel outlets (350) in fluid communication with the fuel plenum (345) and disposed radially about the primary fuel outlet (348). The fuel injector (200, 500) also includes a first plurality of fluid channels (325) radially disposed about the centerline axis (303) and a second plurality of fluid channels (330) radially disposed about the first plurality of fluid channels (325).

A fuel injection assembly (80) for a gas turbine engine (10) includes a housing (300) having a first housing portion (305) adjacent a first end (301) and a second housing portion (310) adjacent a second end (302) opposite the first end (301). The first housing portion (305) defines at least one fuel chamber (320), and the second housing portion (310) defines at least one mixing chamber (335). The fuel injection assembly (80) includes fuel channels (330) extending along a central axis (510) between the first housing portion (305) and the second housing portion (310). The fuel channels (330) are spaced apart along a length of the housing (300) and are in fluid communication with the at least one fuel chamber (320) and the at least one mixing chamber (335). Fluid channels (340, 345) are disposed in the second housing portion (310) and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber (335) to promote mixing of fuel and air. A combustor (17) having the fuel injection assembly (80) is also provided.

Disclosed is a system for removably mounting hardware, like a probe, to a stationary structure, like a casing element of a turbine section. A receptacle element includes a base configured to be fixed to the stationary structure and a collar extending from the base. The collar includes an internal opening to receive the hardware and a locking element aperture. A locking element is movable in the locking element aperture between a locked position fixedly engaging the hardware and an unlocked position allowing the hardware to be removed. An attachment element is movable relative to the receptacle element and has a tapered portion to move the locking element into the locked position. A disk spring element is configured to force the attachment element relative to the receptacle element toward the locked position of the locking element, providing an intrinsic anti-rotation and anti-loosening feature.

Controller (300) and method (400) for controlling one or more components of a power system (100). The power system (100) comprises an AC power node (110) connected to an AC system (104). The controller (300) is configured to determine a first phase angle (Φ) between a first voltage (V1) of the AC power node (110) and a current (Is) of the AC power node (110); determine, based on the first angle (Φ), a second angle (δ) between the first voltage (V1) of the AC power node (110) and a second voltage (V2) of the AC system (104); and output data indicative of at least the second angle (δ) for controlling the one or more components of the power system (100).

A system and method for removing a cover (10) from a power generator enclosure (14) housing a stator and a rotor (20) is disclosed. A cover axial pull tool (42) is configured to lift a section of the cover (10) up and axially move the section of the cover from the power generator enclosure (14) to disengage from a stator frame (84) of the stator. A cover vertical lift tool (88) operates cooperatively with the power generator enclosure (14) and the cover axial pull tool (42) to provide a path for the section of the cover (10) to navigate when lifting the cover off from the cover axial pull tool with a hoist assembly (74), obviating contact between the cover and the enclosure.

An electrical system (300) comprising: a first busbar (302a); a second busbar (302b); a resistor module (306) comprising one or more resistors, the resistor module (306) being electrically coupled between the first busbar (302a) and the second busbar (302b); a first switching element (307), the first switching element (307) being electrically coupled between the first busbar (302a) and the second busbar (302b), the first switching element (307) being in series with the resistor module (306); and a plurality of power transmission media (304); wherein each power transmission medium (304) of the plurality of power transmission media (304) is electrically coupled to the first busbar (302a) via a respective second switching element (308); and each power transmission medium (304) of the plurality of power transmission media (304) is electrically coupled to the second busbar (302b) via a respective third switching element (310).

Computer-implemented methods and systems for determining component predicted lifespan are provided. The method includes obtaining, by a computing system comprising one or more computing devices, an image of the component. The method further includes obtaining, by the computing system, a stress map of the component. The method further includes processing, by the computing system, the image and the stress map of the component with a machine-learned model to generate, as an output of the machined-learned model, a predicted lifespan of the component.

A method of determining submodule capacitor degradation. The method comprising the step of determining voltage change of at least one submodule capacitor during a control cycle whilst the at least one submodule is switched into a valve circuit and assigning the voltage change as dV_vsm. The method further comprising the step of determining average voltage change across all in-circuit submodules during said control cycle and assigning the average voltage change as dV_average. The method further comprising the step of determining relative capacitance of all in-circuit submodules by comparing dV_vsm to the dV_average of all in-circuit submodules. The method may further comprise the step of determining capacitance deviation of all in-circuit submodules to quantify how much the capacitance of each in-circuit submodule deviates from the average voltage change dV_average across all in-circuit submodules. The method may further comprise the step of comparing the determined capacitance deviation against a pre-defined threshold value to identify degraded in-circuit submodules. The method may further comprise step of filtering dV_vsm and dV_average or functions of them to achieve higher accuracy of the relative capacitance determination and capacitor degradation determination.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for impedance-based broken conductor detection in electric distribution systems. Upon the detection of a broken conductor, the affected overhead line will be de-energized before it hits the ground. An example method may include determining, during a first time period, a first impedance value measured by a first IED, and may further include determining, during a second time period that after the first time period, a second impedance value measured by the first IED. The method may further include determining a first ratio based on dividing a difference between the first impedance value and the second impedance value by the first impedance value, and may further include determining that the first ratio deviates from a threshold setpoint, and determining that a broken conductor condition occurs based on the first ratio deviating from the threshold setpoint.

There is provided a computer-implemented method (400) of controlling an energy dissipation means for dynamic braking in a power transmission network, the method (400) comprising: monitoring (410) one or more first parameters associated with the power transmission network; determining (420), based on the one or more first parameters, a fault status of the power transmission network; and controlling (430), based on the fault status, the energy dissipation means to perform dynamic braking for the power transmission network; wherein the controlling (430), based on the fault status, the energy dissipation means, comprises adaptively controlling by either of: adjusting (430a) a threshold voltage for activating the energy dissipation means or controlling (430b) the energy dissipation means to perform dynamic braking until the MCB is determined to be in a non-conducting state.

A tool (170) for separating adjacent component segments (102A, 102B) in a stage (165) of a turbine section (116) is disclosed. The tool (170) includes a base (172) and first and second curved plates (180, 182). The first plate (180) includes a first end (184) to engage a portion (166) of a component segment (102A), and the second plate (182) includes a first end (186) to engage a fixed element (188), such as the other component segment (102B) or a half casing (150H) of the turbine section (116). A coupler (220) couples the first plate (180) to the base (172), and a linear actuator (250) is between the base (172) and the second plate (182). The linear actuator (250) linearly moves the second plate (182) between a first position in which the first ends (184, 186) of the first and second plates (180, 182) are retracted and a second position in which the first ends (184, 186) of the first and second plates (180, 182) are extended a distance from one another to force the adjacent component segments (102A, 102B) to separate.

An integration system for use with a gas turbine engine includes an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system in flow communication with a gas turbine section of the gas turbine engine. The EGR system includes an EGR conduit fluidly coupled to an exhaust line of the gas turbine engine and fluidly coupled to an EGR manifold upstream from an inlet of a compressor section of the gas turbine engine. The EGR conduit is oriented to provide a portion of exhaust gases discharged from the gas turbine section to the EGR manifold. Additionally, the EGR system also includes a flow restriction component in flow communication with the exhaust line of the gas turbine engine. The flow restriction component is downstream from the EGR conduit of the EGR system. The flow restriction component facilitates increasing a pressure of the exhaust gases discharged from the gas turbine section.

The present invention refers to circuit breaker (10) comprising a first electrical contact (11) and a second electrical contact (12) that are arranged movably relative to one another in a movement direction (D). Preferably, the first electrical contact (11) is a pin (20) and second electrical contact (12) is a socket (21). In a contact position (CP) an outer contact surface (14) of first electrical contact (11) is in mechanical and electrical contact with an inner contact surface (15) of second electrical contact (12). Inside the first electrical contact (11) an interior hollow space (27) is provided that is in fluidic connection with at least one gas flow opening (24) provided in the area of a distal end (16) of first electrical contact (11). The interior hollow space (27) is in fluidic connection with a gas flow creating device (30). During a relative movement of the first electrical contact (11) and the second electrical contact (12) in movement direction (D) a gas flow (G) may be created through the interior hollow space (27) and the at least one gas flow opening (24) for cooling at least the distal end (16) of first electrical contact (11) in order to avoid creation of an electrical arc between the two electrical contacts (11, 12) or at least terminate the electrical arc as quickly as possible.

A system includes a fuel heating system having a first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is fluidly coupled to a steam turbine system, a gas turbine system, a carbon capture system, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The first heat exchanger is configured to receive steam from the HRSG, the steam turbine system, or a combination thereof. The first heat exchanger is also configured to receive a fuel. The first heat exchanger is also configured to place the steam in a first heat exchange relationship with the fuel to produce a first heated fuel and a first cooled steam. The first heat exchanger is also configured to send the first cooled steam to the carbon capture system. The first heat exchanger is also configured to send the first heated fuel to the gas turbine system, a duct burner, or a combination thereof.

A turbine blade (114) and related method for forming an outermost abrasive layer (170) are disclosed. The blade includes an airfoil body (124) having a radial outermost surface (160) relative to a turbine rotor, a bond coat (172) over the radial outermost surface, and the outermost abrasive layer over the bond coat. The outermost abrasive layer (170) includes a graded oxide ceramic layer (174) or a graded metal ceramic layer (176). The outermost abrasive layer is vacuum heat treated to harden the layer, resulting in increased rub and improved clearance between the blade tip, creating a smaller tip gap and lower leakage. The heat-treated abrasive layer is also resistant to oxidation at higher temperatures, e.g. greater than 1090°C (~2000°F), caused by the increased use of higher temperature fuels, such as hydrogen. The vacuum heat treatment also results in thermal cycle testing improvements.

A visual indicator (110) for an electrical assembly (100), the electrical assembly (100) comprising a housing (120), and an electrical discharge mechanism (130) arranged within the housing (120); the electrical discharge mechanism (130) configured such that movement of the electrical discharge mechanism (130) from a first position to a second position allows electrical components (140) of the electrical assembly (100) to electrically discharge. The visual indicator (110) comprises a display component (112) arranged to display a visual indication external to the housing (120); and a mechanical coupling means (114) configured to mechanically couple the display component (112) to the electrical discharge mechanism (130), such that movement of the electrical discharge mechanism (130) causes movement of the visual indication of the display component (112). When the electrical discharge mechanism (130) is in the first position, the display component (112) displays a first visual indication, and when the electrical discharge mechanism (130) is in the second position, the display component (112) displays a second visual indication.

A method (300) for repairing a steel alloy article is provided. The method includes depositing (302), using a first welding process, a first weld repair layer across a surface of the steel alloy article to be repaired. The first weld repair layer forms a heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the steel alloy article beneath the surface. The method also includes tempering (304) the heat-affected zone by depositing (358), using a second welding process, a second weld repair layer across the first weld repair layer. The first welding technique is different than the second welding process and induces a lower heat input into the steel alloy article than the second welding process, wherein a thickness of the first weld repair layer is thinner than a thickness of the second weld repair layer.