Patentanwälte Bressel und Partner mbB

The invention relates to a power converter (11) comprising a power semiconductor switch (1) with insulated gate (13) for repeatedly switching on and off a power current that flows through the power semiconductor switch (1), a gate driver circuit (12; 12a) adapted to generate a gate charging current for charging the gate (13) and to generate a gate discharging current for discharging the gate (13) and a controller (20) adapted to control the gate driver circuit (12; 12a). The gate driver circuit (12; 12a) comprises a first and a second controllable semiconductor switch (23, 24) that are connected in series to each other to form a switch series connection and that are individually controllable by the controller (20). The gate driver circuit (12; 12a) comprises an electric energy source, wherein opposite poles of the electric energy source at a first and at a second voltage potential are connected to the switch series connection, wherein the first voltage potential is connected to a first end of the switch series connection and the second voltage potential is connected to a second end of the switch series connection that is opposite to the first end. The gate driver circuit (12; 12a) comprises an inductance (29), wherein an intermediate connection of the switch series connection between the first and second controllable semiconductor switch (23, 24) is connected to the gate (13) via the inductance (29). In order to perform a charging process of charging the gate (13), the controller (20) is adapted to repeatedly switch on and switch off each of the first and second controllable semiconductor switches (23, 24), thereby realizing a charging switching pattern and thereby generating a charging current flowing from the intermediate connection to the gate (13), wherein only one of the first and second controllable semiconductor switches (23, 24) may be on at each time during the charging process.

The invention relates to preparing the operation of a railway point (1) by a railway interlocking after installation or maintenance of the railway point (1) or of at least one part of the railway point. The railway point (1) comprises a point machine (2) that brings the railway point (1) from a first state into in which the railway point (1) connects a first set of track sections of a railway network to a second state in which the railway point (1) connects a second set of track sections of the railway network, or vice versa. A portable device (5) acquires at least one image of the railway point (1), the at least one image comprising a state information about the railway point (1) being in one of the first state, the second state, a state of transfer from the first state to the second state and a state of transfer from the second state to the first state. The state information is transmitted to a data processing device (11) at a remote location. Furthermore, operational information about an operation of the point machine (2) is received. The operational information includes information that allow to determine whether the point machine (2) is operating to move the railway point component (3) from one of the first and second state to the other of the first and second state or whether the point machine (2) is operating the railway point component (3) to move from the other of the first and second state to the one of the first and second state. The operational information is transmitted to the data processing device (11) and, by evaluating the state information and the operational information, it is either checked if the operational information is consistent with the state information or the operational information is defined in a manner that is consistent with the state information.

The invention relates to a method and system for determining a resulting estimate (A_ESTres) of a geometric element in an image, comprising the steps of:a) receiving an image signal (IS) encoding the image,b) performing an edge detection in the image and determining an image-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_0),c) defining a region of interest (ROll, ROI2) in the image and determining a ROI-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_ROI), wherein the ROI-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_ROI) is a subset of the image-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_0),d) selecting a number of points from the ROI-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_ROI) and determining an initial estimate (A_EST1) of the geometric element as a function of said points,e) selecting all points from the ROI-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_ROI) being arranged in a surrounding of the initial estimate (A_EST1) as elements of a ROI-specific inlier set (LAMBDA_A_EST1+SD_input), wherein a distance between each point of the ROI-specific inlier (LAMBDA_A_EST1+SD_input) set to the initial estimate (A_EST1) is smaller than a predetermined threshold value,f) selecting a number of points from the ROI-specific inlier set (LAMBDA_A_EST1+SD_input) and determining a first updated estimate (A_EST2) of the geometric element as a function of said points,g) selecting all points from the image-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_0) being arranged in a surrounding of the first updated estimate (A_EST2) as elements of an image-specific inlier set (LAMBDA_A_EST2+SD_input), wherein a distance between each point of the image-specific edge point set (LAMBDA_A_EST2+SD_input) to the first updated estimate (A_EST2) is smaller than a predetermined threshold value,h) repeat steps d) to g). until a termination criterion is fulfilled.i) determining the resulting estimate (A_ESTres) as a function of the image-specific inlier set (LAMBDA_A_EST2+SD_input).

A pair (1; 10) of articulated rail vehicle carriages (2, 3), comprising- a first rail vehicle carriage (2),- a second rail vehicle carriage (3),- an articulation (11) that connects the first rail vehicle carriage (2) and the second rail vehicle carriage (3),- a first bogie (4), which is arranged in a first end region (R1) of the pair (1) of rail vehicle carriages (2, 3)- a second bogie (5), which is arranged in a second end region (R2) of the pair (1) of rail vehicle carriages (2, 3),- a third bogie (6), which is arranged in a central region (R3) of the pair (1) of rail vehicle carriages (2, 3),- a continuous corridor (7) from the first rail vehicle carriage (2) to the second rail vehicle carriage (3), arranged in an interior of the pair (1) of rail vehicle carriages (2, 3) and extending through at least a part of the first rail vehicle carriage (2) and through at least a part of the second rail vehicle carriage (3) and extending through the central region (R3) of the pair (1) of rail vehicle carriages (2, 3),the corridor (7) having a gradient of at most 15 % towards the central region (R3) of the pair (1) of rail vehicle carriages (2, 3).

Vorgeschlagen wird eine Anordnung (1;11;101) für ein Schienenfahrzeug, aufweisend ein Führerkabinenmodul (F) und einen Wagenkasten (W), wobei das Führerkabinenmodul (F) eine erste Seitenwand (SW1;SW101) und eine zweite Seitenwand (SW2) aufweist, wobei die erste Seitenwand (SW1;SW101) sich auf der linken Fahrzeugseite befindet und die zweite Seitenwand (SW2) sich auf der rechten Fahrzeugseite befindet, wobei an der ersten Seitenwand (SW1;SW101) eine erste Ausnehmung (A1;A101) und/oder ein erster Vorsprung (V1;V101) vorgesehen ist/sind, wobei die erste Ausnehmung (A1;A101) und/oder der erste Vorsprung (V1;V101) jeweils eine Längsausdehnung aufweist/aufweisen, die sich entlang einer Fahrzeuglängsrichtung (x) erstreckt, und jeweils eine Querausdehnung aufweist/aufweisen, die sich entlang einer Fahrzeugquerrichtung (y) erstreckt, wobei der Wagenkasten (W) einen ersten komplementären Vorsprung (KV1;KV101) aufweist, der sich in die erste Ausnehmung (A1;A101) erstreckt, und/oder der Wagenkasten (W) eine erste komplementäre Ausnehmung (KA1;KA101) aufweist, in die sich der erste Vorsprung (V1;V101) erstreckt, wobei an der zweiten Seitenwand (SW2) eine zweite Ausnehmung (A2) und/oder ein zweiter Vorsprung (V2) vorgesehen ist/sind, wobei die zweite Ausnehmung (A2) und/oder der zweite Vorsprung (V2) jeweils eine Längsausdehnung aufweist/aufweisen, die sich entlang einer Fahrzeuglängsrichtung (x) erstreckt, und jeweils eine Querausdehnung aufweist/aufweisen, die sich entlang einer Fahrzeugquerrichtung (y) erstreckt, wobei der Wagenkasten (W) einen zweiten komplementären Vorsprung (KV2) aufweist, der sich in die zweite Ausnehmung (A2) erstreckt, und/oder der Wagenkasten (W) eine zweite komplementäre Ausnehmung (KA2) aufweist, in die sich der zweite Vorsprung (V2) erstreckt. Weiterhin werden ein Herstellungsverfahren und ein Schienenfahrzeug mit der Anordnung vorgeschlagen.

A method and a system for determining printing material information (PMI) for manufacturing a layered dental structure having an outer layer (2) and at least one inner layer (3, 4), comprising the steps of: a. receiving outer shape information and outer shade information concerning the dental structure, b. determining inner layer-specific shape information of the at least one inner layer, c. determining the printing material information (PMI) as a function of the outer shape information, the inner layer-specific shape information and the outer shade information as well as a sample (7) for generating training data.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und ein System zur Erzeugung von mindestens einem synthetischen Datenpunkt, umfassend den Schritt: • Erzeugen des mindestens einen synthetischen Datenpunkts (SD) mit einem maschinell erlernten generativen Modell (GM), wobei das generative Modell (GM) basierend auf einem Generierungs-Trainingsdatensatz (GTD) unter Verwendung einer Verlustfunktion trainiert ist, wobei die Verlustfunktion in Bezug auf eine Unähnlichkeit zwischen einem Trainings-Eingangsdatenpunkt (GTED) und einem mit dem generativen Modell (GM) erzeugten Ausgangsdatenpunkt eine monoton steigende Funktion ist, wobei die Verlustfunktion in Bezug auf eine Klassifizierbarkeit des erzeugten Ausgangsdatenpunkts durch ein maschinell erlerntes Klassifikationsmodell (KM) eine monoton fallende Funktion ist, sowie ein Verfahren und ein System zur Klassifizierung eines Eingangsdatenpunkts sowie ein Computerprogrammprodukt.

It is proposed a method for determining a capacitance value (C) of a capacitor (CA) of a RC circuit on a DC link (DCL) of a vehicle, wherein the RC circuit comprises a charging resistor (RE) or a discharging resistor (RD), the method comprising the following steps: a) measuring a sequence of values (U0-U20; U0-new-U20-new) of a charging voltage (Ut) or a discharging voltage (Ud) of the capacitor (CA) over an evaluation time interval (T1), b) determining - a value or - a definite integral with respect to time of a first time derivative of the sequence of values (U0-U20; U0-new-U20-new) of the charging voltage (Ut) or the discharging voltage (Ud) in the evaluation time interval (T1), c) determining - a value or - a definite integral with respect to time of a second time derivative of the sequence of values (U0-U20; U0-new-U20-new) of the charging voltage (Ut) or the discharging voltage (Ud) in the evaluation time interval (T1), d) determining the capacitance value (C) of the capacitor (CA) by using one of the following relations: - the negative quotient of the value of the first time derivative and the value of the second time derivative, wherein the negative quotient is divided by a known resistance value (R) of the charging resistor (RE) or the discharging resistor (RD), gives the capacitance value (C), or - the negative quotient of the definite integral of the first time derivative and the definite integral of the second time derivative, wherein the negative quotient is divided by a known resistance value (R) of the charging resistor (RE) or the discharging resistor (RD), gives the capacitance value (C). Furthermore, a corresponding system and a vehicle comprising the system are proposed.

The invention relates to a computer-implemented method of designing and/or controlling a railway signalling system (2) comprising the steps:- providing at least one finite state machine (FSM), for which∘ a plurality of states (ST) are defined that can be assumed by the finite state machine (FSM),∘ a plurality of transitions (31 to 35) are defined, each transition being a transition from one of the defined states (ST) to either the same defined state or to a different one of the defined states (ST),∘ a plurality of conditions are defined, the conditions depending on input information, wherein fulfilment of any one of the conditions triggers an assigned one of the defined transitions (31 to 35),∘ a plurality of attributes are defined as output information, wherein each attribute may assume, at a time, one of a plurality of pre-defined values, wherein each of the plurality of defined states (ST) is assigned to at least one of the defined attributes having a specific one of the pre-defined values,wherein the plurality of states (ST) of the finite state machine (FSM) are signalling states that can be realised in railway signalling systems in relation to a single component or an arrangement of components of a railway track or railway track system (1),- evaluating a functional behaviour of each of the at least one finite state machine (FSM), based on different sets of input information that result in the fulfillment of different ones of the plurality of defined conditions, by checking that respective ones of the plurality of defined states (ST), that are assumed in reaction to the different sets of input information, in each case correspond to an expected state and/or that the output information represented by the values of the plurality of defined attributes, that are assumed in reaction to the different sets of input information, in each case correspond to expected values,- receiving a design of a railway track or railway track system (1) that comprises a railway signalling system (2) and generating a computer model of the railway signalling system (2) by using at least one instance of at least one evaluated finite state machine (FSM), which has been evaluated according to the preceding step,- simulating a behaviour of the railway signalling system (2) by using the computer model and outputting results of the simulation for realizing the railway signallingsystem (2) in practice and/or using the computer model to control an operation of the railway signalling system (2).

A method for noise-reduced signal processing by a quantum computing circuit and a quantum computer system The invention relates to a method for noise-reduced signal processing by a quantum circuit having at least two quantum gates ( <img class="EMIRef" id="87f6f797-6f49-445c-9aa6-93632127e140-ia01" /> ,), comprising the steps of, a) determining a fused inverse noise channel by propagating selected or all predetermined gate-specific inverse noise channels ( Λ 1 − 1 , Λ 2 − 1 , … , Λ L − 1 <img class="EMIRef" id="87f6f797-6f49-445c-9aa6-93632127e140-ia02" /> ) to a predetermined circuit section of the quantum computing circuit (1) as a function of each noisy gate operation of the gates ( <img class="EMIRef" id="87f6f797-6f49-445c-9aa6-93632127e140-ia03" /> ,) between the gate-specific inverse noise channel ( Λ 1 − 1 , Λ 2 − 1 , … , Λ L − 1 <img class="EMIRef" id="87f6f797-6f49-445c-9aa6-93632127e140-ia04" /> ) and the predetermined circuit section, b) modifying the signal processing by the quantum computing circuit (1) by adding an additional quantum computing operation at the predetermined circuit section according to the fused inverse noise channel and a quantum computer system.