Sykora & König Patentanwälte PartG mbB

A method for operating a three-port series resonance converter (20) is described. The three-port series resonance converter (20) has a main feeding bridge (22), at least one auxiliary feeding bridge (24), and an output bridge (26). The main feeding bridge (22) is electro-magnetically coupled to the output bridge (26) via a first input coil (36) of the main feeding bridge (22), and the auxiliary feeding bridge (24) is electro-magnetically coupled to the output bridge (26) via a second input coil (46) of the auxiliary feeding bridge (24). The method comprises: sending one or more control signals to one or more switches (32, 42) of the feeding bridges (22, 24) based on a predetermined control scheme such that input voltages (V_LV,m, V_LV,a) applied to the feeding bridges (22, 24) are transformed to an overall output voltage (V_MV) to be provided by the output bridge (26); and delaying a turn on signal for activating one of the feeding bridges (22, 24) such that transformer currents (i'_p,m, i'_p,a) of the feeding bridges (22, 24) reach at least approximately zero at least approximately at the same time.

A method for operating a converter arrangement (20) is provided. The converter arrangement has at least one electrical converter (22) electrically coupling a generator (26) to a grid (28) and a control unit (24) for operating the electrical converter (22). The method comprises: receiving an input vector (vcon, vpcc, iact) being representative of an electric power of the electrical converter (22); estimating a synchronization power value (ΔP) being representative of a synchronization power needed for synchronizing the electrical converter (22) to the grid (28); determining a generator power reference value (Pgen,ref) from the input vector (vcon, vpcc, iact) and the estimated synchronization power value (ΔP); generating a control signal (CS) for the electrical converter (22) depending on the determined generator power reference value (Pgen,ref); and sending the control signal (CS) to the electrical converter (22), wherein the control signal (CS) and the electrical converter (22) are configured such that the electrical converter (22) tries to generate the electric power corresponding to the generator power reference value (Pgen,ref).

A method for operating a three-port series resonance converter (20) is described. The three-port series resonance converter (20) has a main feeding bridge (22), at least one auxiliary feeding bridge (24), and an output bridge (26). The main feeding bridge (22) is electro-magnetically coupled to the output bridge (26) via a first input coil (36) of the main feeding bridge (22), the auxiliary feeding bridge (24) is electro-magnetically coupled to the output bridge (26) via a second input coil (46) of the auxiliary feeding bridge (24), and the main feeding bridge (22) and the auxiliary feeding bridge (24) are configured such that their resonance frequencies are at least approximately the same. The method comprises: sending one or more control signals to one or more switches (32, 42) of the feeding bridges (22, 24) based on a predetermined control scheme such that input voltages (V_LV,m, V_LV,a) applied to the feeding bridges (22, 24) are transformed to an overall output voltage (V_MV) to be provided by the output bridge (26); sending a turn off signal to at least some of the switches (32, 42) of at least one of the feeding bridges (22, 24) such that an output voltage (v'_p,m, v'_p,a) of the corresponding feeding bridge (22, 24) is floating, once an output bridge current of the output bridge (26) is at least approximately zero.

A method for operating an electrical converter (22) is provided. The electrical converter (22) electrically couples a generator to a grid (28). The method comprises: receiving an input vector (v, i) being representative of a power parameter of the electrical converter (22); determining an internal voltage reference value (V^ref) and an angle (ϕ) referring to a frame angle of the electrical converter (22) depending on an original current reference vector ( idqref,orig) and on the received input vector (v, i); and determining a control signal (CS) for the electrical converter (22) depending on the internal voltage reference value (V^ref), the angle (ϕ), and the original current reference vector ( idqref,orig).

A common mode choke (50, 52, 54, 56) is provided. The common mode choke comprises: a printed circuit board (40, 42); a first conductor path (66) on or within the printed circuit board (40, 42); and a second conductor path (68) on or within the printed circuit board (40, 42) underneath the first conductor path (66), wherein the second conductor path (68) is electrically isolated against the first conductor path (66), the second conductor path (68) follows the first conductor path (66), each of the conductor paths (66, 68) forms at least two coils (80, 82, 84, 86), and each conductor path (66, 68) has a clockwise orientation in at least one of its coils (80, 82, 84, 86), and the same conductor path (66, 68) has a counter-clockwise orientation in the other one of its coils (80, 82, 84, 86).

A method for detecting defects of a wheel (20) of a railroad vehicle comprises: determining an instantaneous angular speed signal (30) of a shaft (14) connected to the wheel (20), wherein the instantaneous angular speed signal (30) is determined from measurements of a speed encoder (22) connected to the shaft (14) and wherein the instantaneous angular speed signal is indicative of a speed of the shaft (14) at a rotation angle of the shaft (14); determining at least one amplitude (32) of a frequency component (34) of the instantaneous angular speed signal (30) seen as a function of the rotation angle; and detecting a defect based on a magnitude of the at least one amplitude (32).

A method for localizing an earth-fault (EF) within a battery arrangement (20) is described. The battery arrangement (20) comprises a battery pack (22) having a first pole (30), a second pole (32), and at least two battery cells (34) electrically arranged in series between the first pole (30) and the second pole (32), and a first switch (24) electrically arranged between the first pole (30) and a first resistor (R12), with the first resistor (R12) electrically coupling the first switch (24) to a ground potential (38), and a second switch (26) electrically arranged between the second pole (32) and a second resistor (R22), with the second resistor (R22) electrically coupling the second switch (26) to the ground potential (38). The method comprises: electrically coupling the first pole (30) to the ground potential (38) by the first switch (24), while the second pole (32) is electrically decoupled from the ground potential (38) by the second switch (26); measuring a first voltage between the first switch (24) and the ground potential (38); determining a first voltage value (V1) depending on the measured first voltage, wherein the first voltage value (V1) is representative of the measured first voltage; electrically coupling the second pole (32) to the ground potential (38) by the second switch (26); electrically decoupling the first pole (30) from the ground potential (38) by the first switch (24); measuring a second voltage between the second switch (26) and the ground potential (38); determining a second voltage value (V2) depending on the measured second voltage wherein the second voltage value (V2) is representative of the measured second voltage; determining that an earth-fault (EF) is present at the first pole (30), when the first voltage value (V1) at least approaches zero and the second voltage value (V2) at least approximately corresponds to a given battery voltage of the battery pack (22); determining that an earth-fault (EF) is present at the second pole (32), when the second voltage value (V2) at least approaches zero and the first voltage value (V1) at least approximately corresponds to the battery voltage; and determining that an earth-fault (EF) is present between the first and second poles (30, 32), when the first voltage value (V1) and the second voltage value (V2) are well between zero and the battery voltage, wherein an exact location of the earth-fault (EF) between the first and second poles (30, 32) is determined depending on a ratio determined from the first voltage value (V1) and the second voltage value (V2).

A battery arrangement and method for its manufacturing, wherein the battery arrangement comprises a first battery cell having a first casing and a planar stiffening element which is externally surface-mounted to a first stiffening section of the first casing in such a way that the planar stiffening element completely covers the first stiffening section. The planar stiffening element is formed and surface-mounted to the first non-contact section such that it increases the stiffness of the first stiffening section such that when a pressure within the first battery cell increases beyond a predefined first threshold pressure, the first casing breaks open first in a predetermined first non-contact section of the first casing, which is different from the first stiffening section, in order to allow the pressure within the first battery cell to be decreased.

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