Ricoh

A measuring apparatus (1) includes an illuminator (11), a light receiver (12), a color-separated image generation unit (21), and a smoothing processing unit (22). The illuminator (11) emits light to an object to be measured. The light receiver (12) receives reflection light reflected from the object illuminated by the light emitted from the illuminator (11); and generates image data based on the reflection light. The color-separated image generation unit (21) is configured to generate multiple color-separated images, each having corresponding amount of noise, based on the image data generated by the light receiver (12). The smoothing processing unit (22) is configured to repeatedly perform a smoothing process on each of the multiple color-separated images generated by the color-separated image generation unit (21), a number of times according to the corresponding amount of noise.

A liquid discharge head (18) includes a nozzle substrate (20, 24), a channel substrate (21, 25), a piezoelectric element substrate (9), a holding substrate (10), and a frame (22, 26). The nozzle substrate (20, 24) has a nozzle region (1a) having nozzles (1) arrayed in a longitudinal direction of the nozzle region (1a). The nozzle region (1a) has a first length in the longitudinal direction. The channel substrate (21, 25) is disposed over the nozzle substrate (20, 24). The piezoelectric element substrate (9) is disposed over the channel substrate (21, 25). The frame (22, 26) is bonded to the channel substrate (21, 25), with an adhesive in a bonding region (5a), outside the piezoelectric element substrate (9) and the holding substrate (10) in the width direction. The bonding region (5a) has a second length longer than the first length of the nozzle region (1a) in the longitudinal direction.

An image forming apparatus (100) includes a printer (101) to print printed matter based on print data, a printed image reading unit (307) to read, with a reading device, the printed matter to generate a first inspection target image, a first defect determination processing unit (355) to detect a defect on the printed matter based on a master image and the first inspection target image, the master image being generated from the print data of the printed matter, a second defect determination processing unit (357) to detect a position of the defect on a second inspection target image generated by the reading device without sheet passage, an exclusion region setting unit (356) to set, based on the position of the defect detected by the second defect determination processing unit (357), an inspection exclusion region where the first defect determination processing unit (355) does not detect the defect, and a display control unit (358) to cause a display to display at least one of the position of the defect on the second inspection target image and the inspection exclusion region.

A measuring apparatus (1) includes a housing (10), an illumination unit (11), a light receiving unit (12), an actuator (16), a calculation unit (22), and a control unit (23). The distance measuring unit (21) controls the illumination unit and the light receiving unit to measure a measurement distance, in a perpendicular direction perpendicular to the first face, between the first face of the object and a second face of the housing facing the first face of the object. The calculation unit (22) determines a moving distance and a moving direction of the light receiving unit based on the illumination angle between an optical axis of the reflection light and a perpendicular line in the perpendicular direction and an amount of change in the measurement distance in the perpendicular direction. The control unit (23) drives the actuator to move the light receiving unit by the moving distance in the moving direction.

A liquid discharge head (1) includes an actuator component (2) and a frame (3). The actuator component (2) includes a nozzle substrate (10) and an actuator substrate (20). The nozzle substrate (10) has nozzles (10a) arrayed in a longitudinal direction. The actuator substrate (20) includes a chamber substrate (21), a diaphragm (22), and a piezoelectric element (23). The chamber substrate (21) has pressure chambers (21b) respectively communicating with the nozzles (10a). The diaphragm (22) has a first face serving as a part of a wall face of the pressure chambers (21b) and a second face opposite the first face. The piezoelectric element (23) is disposed over the second face of the diaphragm (22). The frame (3) has a bonding face (3d) bonded to the actuator component (2) with an adhesive (50), communicating portions (3a) communicating with the pressure chambers (21b), and multiple void portions (3b).

A liquid discharge head (100) includes: multiple nozzle arrays (104-1 to 104-4) including multiple nozzles arrayed in a nozzle array direction (X), the multiple nozzles configured to discharge liquid, in a discharge direction orthogonal to the nozzle array direction (X), onto a medium conveyed in a conveyance direction (Y) orthogonal to the nozzle array direction (X) and the discharge direction, the multiple nozzle arrays (104-1 to 104-4) arrayed in the conveyance direction (Y) and having: end regions at both ends of the multiple nozzle arrays (104-1 to 104-4); and a central region between the end regions. The multiple nozzle arrays (104-1 to 104-4) includes: upstream nozzle array (104-1, 104-2) on an upstream side in the conveyance direction (Y); and downstream nozzle array (104-3, 104-4) on a downstream side in the conveyance direction.

A liquid discharge head device (51, 404) includes a liquid discharge head (100, 100-1, 100-2) and a head holder (52). The liquid discharge head (100, 100-1, 100-2) has a nozzle face (101a) having a nozzle (104a) to discharge a liquid, from the nozzle (104a) in a discharge direction, onto a discharge target conveyed in a conveyance direction orthogonal to the discharge direction. The head holder (52) holds the liquid discharge head (100, 100-1, 100-2) having the nozzle face (101a) facing in the discharge direction. The head holder (52) has an opposing face facing in the discharge direction and an exhaust port (53-1A, 53-1B, 53-2A, 53-2B) on the opposing face and in a vicinity of the nozzle face (101a).

A medium processing apparatus (1A, 1B, 1C) includes a stacker (37), a conveyance-direction mover (36, 40L, 40R), a binder (42, 43), and a controller (160). The stacker stacks a medium. The conveyance-direction mover (36, 40L, 40R) moves, in a conveyance direction, a medium bundle that is a plurality of media including the medium stacked on the stacker. The binder (42, 43) moves in a main scanning direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction and bind the medium bundle stacked on the stacker. The controller (160) controls an operation of the conveyance-direction mover and the binder. The controller (160) causes the conveyance-direction mover (36, 40L, 40R) to move the medium bundle stacked on the stacker in the conveyance direction and causes the binder (42, 43) to move in the main scanning direction, face a binding position on the medium bundle, and bind the binding position of the medium bundle.

A liquid discharge head (1) includes: a substrate component (10) including: a nozzle (24) to discharge a liquid; a channel (21a, 21b) communicating with the nozzle (24); and a frame (5) bonded to the substrate component with an adhesive in a lamination direction, the frame including a communicating portion (20a, 20b) communicating with the channel. The frame (5) and the substrate component have: a bonding region (9a) in which the frame (5) and the substrate component (10) are bonded with the adhesive; and a non-bonding region (9b) in which the frame (5) and the substrate component (10) are not bonded with the adhesive. The bonding region (9a) has: a first bonding region around the communicating portion (20a, 20b) of the frame (5); and a second bonding region at both end portions of the frame (5) in a longitudinal direction of the frame orthogonal to the lamination direction.

A toner is provided that includes toner base particles comprising a polyurethane resin in an amount of 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less of the toner base particles. The toner has a glass transition temperature Tg1 of less than 0°C, and each particle of the toner has a sea-island structure in a cross-sectional image obtained by a scanning electron microscope of the particle.