University of California

The present disclosure provides compounds and compositions capable of extending lifespan, and methods of use thereof.

A method for performing neural-network-based image enhancement in a medical imaging system, the method comprising: acquiring an image of an imaging object, the acquired image including a plurality of patches, with adjacent patches having an overlapping region; using a trained neural network to perform image enhancement on the acquired image in a patch-by-patch manner; and assembling a neural-network-enhanced image, based on an output from the trained neural network and a first blending function, wherein the assembling step performs a weighted summation for each voxel in the overlapping regions based on the first blending function, so as to mitigate checkerboard artifacts in the neural-network-enhanced image.

An MR Spectroscopy (MRS) system and approach is provided for measuring spectral information corresponding with propionic acid (PA), either alone or in combination with other measurements corresponding with other chemicals, to diagnose and/or monitor at least one of bacterial infection, such as associated with P. acnes, or conditions related thereto such as nociceptive pain associated with tissue acidity. An interfacing DDD-MRS signal processor receives output signals to produce a post-processed spectrum, with spectral regions corresponding with certain chemicals, including PA, then measured as biomarkers. A diagnostic processor derives a diagnostic value for each disc, and performs certain normalizations, based upon ratios of the spectral regions related to chemicals implicated in degenerative painful tissue pathology, such as PA and hypoxia markers of lactic acid (LA) and alanine (AL), and structural chemicals of proteoglycan (PG) and collagen or carbohydrate (CA).

Methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed for optimization techniques and a realistic 3D model to design optimal parameters for transcutaneous stimulation to achieve focalized stimulation of a target tissue such as the spinal cord, brain or other internal organ. The methods, apparatus, and systems include generation of a 3D model from a CT /MRI image, as well as an optimization algorithm that enables stimulation of any target location (e.g., on the dorsal root, or on the dorsal column) with any orientation at high precision.

The disclosure provides methods to chemically and photochemically initiate cell membrane blebbing to induce cell vesicle production, modifications thereof, and uses thereof, including for drug delivery, gene therapy, cell-free cell therapy, and molecular therapy.

A soft vine robot includes a main body configured as a tube inverted back inside itself to define a pressure channel, such that when the channel is pressurized, the main body everts, and inverted material of the main body everts and passes out of a tip at a distal end of the main body. A reeling mechanism is controlled by a reeling motor, the reeling mechanism being within the tube and being configured to actively feed the inverted material to provide or assist eversion and to actively retract extended material of the main body back. Control and communications electronics control the reeling motor. T reeling mechanism can include a steering mechanism with a bending axis controlled by a steering motor. By actively supplying eversion or inversion forces in the robot body, the soft vine robot can grow with reduced pressure compared to base reeled robots.

Methods, apparatus, systems, and methods are described that relate to microneedle-assisted aptamer-based electrochemical sensing for label-free, continuous real-time monitoring of biomarkers in a biofluid. One example device for electrochemical monitoring of one or more analytes in a biofluid includes a substrate and at least two microneedles coupled to the substrate. Each microneedle in the at least two microneedles includes a protruded needle structure and an electrode probe structure. The electrode probe structure of a first microneedle in the at least two microneedles includes an aptamer sequence which is specific for a first analyte and the electrode probe structure of the first microneedle is operable as a working electrode for detection of the first analyte using a first electrochemical detection technique.

Methods and systems that provide data privacy for implementing a neural network-based inference are described. A method includes injecting stochasticity into the data to produce perturbed data, wherein the injected stochasticity satisfies an ε-differential privacy criterion and transmitting the perturbed data to a neural network or to a partition of the neural network for inference.

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