Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine neue effiziente Synthesemethode zur Herstellung von Biaryl-Phosphasilinan-Liganden durch eine Radikal-initiierte doppelte Giese-Reaktion von Biarylphosphinen an Divinyl-Verbindungen.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft cyclische Ferrocenylphosphasilinane und deren Verwendung als Liganden in Palladiumkomplexen bei palladium katalysierten Kreuzkupplungsreaktionen wie z.B. der Suzuki-Miyaura-Kreuzkupplung und der Buchwald-Hartwig-Kupplung.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft cyclische Biarylphosphine und deren Verwendung als Liganden in Palladiumkomplexen bei palladiumkatalysierten Kreuzkupplungsreaktionen wie z.B. der Buchwald-Hartwig-Kupplung und der Suzuki-Miyaura-Kreuzkupplung.

A computing system (1) comprises a plurality of channels (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15e, 15f, 15g), wherein each channel comprises a waveguide, and a data encoding module (3) to encode input data (4) in a representation, which comprises complex values, to generate a signal for each channel (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15e, 15f, 15g) depending on the complex values, and to couple the signals into the waveguides. The computing system (1) comprises processing modules (5, 6, 7a, 7b) for manipulating the signals when propagating along the waveguides, including a first module (5), which implements a mathematical operation and a second module (6), which implements a control operation for controlling a further processing of the signals.

Disclosed herein is a transportable beamline (100, 200) for ion beam irradiation, in particular small animal ion beam irradiation, and a method (700) of aligning a transportable beamline. The beamline (100, 200) is configured to receive an ion beam (102), in particular a proton beam, from an ion beam source and to guide the ion beam (102) along a beam path (104) to a target point (106) that is to be irradiated. The beamline (100, 200) comprises: an energy degrader (108, 500) for decelerating ions in the ion beam (102); a collimator (110, 400) for collimating the ion beam (102); a focusing assembly (112) for focusing the ion beam (102), the focusing assembly (112) being arranged downstream of the energy degrader (108, 500) and the collimator (110, 400) along the beam path (104) for the ion beam (102) and comprising two or more quadrupole magnets (112A-C) arranged along the beam path (104); and a common base structure (114) to which at least the collimator (110, 400) and the focusing assembly (112) are mounted, the common base structure (114) being configured to preserve relative alignment between the collimator (110, 400) and the two or more quadrupole magnets (112A-C) during transport of the beamline (100, 200), wherein some or all of said two or more quadrupole magnets (112A-C) are removably mounted to the common base structure (114) via a respective kinematic mount (116, 300).

Zusammenfassung wird geladen …

Zusammenfassung wird geladen …

Zusammenfassung wird geladen …

Zusammenfassung wird geladen …

Disclosed herein is a method of determining information regarding the location of energy deposition of an ion beam (14) in an absorptive medium, comprising the following steps: generating a pulsed ion beam (16), detecting a time-resolved acoustic signal, said time-resolved acoustic signal comprising an energy-deposition-signal component attributable to the energy deposition of an individual pulse of said pulsed ion beam in said absorptive medium, determining relative timing information of the energy deposition of said individual pulse with respect to said time-resolved acoustic signal, providing a matched filter for processing the time-resolved acoustic signal, and applying said matched filter to said time-resolved acoustic signal, deriving, from the filtered time-resolved signal, occurrence timing information related to the occurrence of said energy-deposition signal component in said time-resolved acoustic signal, and deriving information regarding the location of the energy deposition based, at least in part, on a delay between said energy deposition of said individual pulse and said occurrence timing information.