Nokia Technologies Patente

The embodiments concern a method for encoding, comprising determining external data to generate one or more pictures, the generated one or more pictures to be used as reference pictures; generating loading instructions for the external data, the loading instructions indicating how the external data is to be processed; generating one or more predictors from corresponding one or more reference pictures; encoding coding units with the one or more predictors to generate encoded video data; and signaling the loading instructions to a decoder in or along a bitstream comprising the encoded video data. The embodiments also concern an encoder.

The present subject matter relates to a method comprising: communicating a frame to coordinate transmission of one or more streams by associated one or more second apparatuses of a set of apparatuses on a communication channel, the frame providing each second apparatus with control information to enable or disable transmission of a stream of the one or more streams by the second apparatus within at least one time window allocated for transmission on the communication channel by one or more third apparatuses of the set of apparatuses.

Examples of the disclosure relate to optical apparatus that enable tracking of a user of the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a light guide arranged to enable light to be guided through the light guide via internal reflections, first in-coupling diffractive means configured to in-couple one or more input beams of light with a first wavelength range into the light guide, second in-coupling diffractive means configured to in-couple one or more input beams of light with a second wavelength range into the light guide, expanding diffractive means configured to expand the one or more input beams of light, and out-coupling diffractive means configured to out-couple the expanded beams of light from the light guide so as to provide a first exit pupil for the first wavelength range and a second exit pupil for the second wavelength range.

Examples of the disclosure relate to optical apparatus for adjusting the size or position of an exit pupil. Example apparatus comprise a light guide configured to receive an input beam of light and provide a first expanded output beam of light and a second expanded output beam of light. The first expanded beam of light is directed in a first direction and the second expanded beam of light is directed in a second direction. The apparatus also comprises at least one optical component, spaced from the light guide, and configured to reflect at least part of the second expanded output beam of light towards the first direction to provide a combined exit pupil. The combined exit pupil comprises the first expanded beam of light and the second expanded beam of light wherein the combined exit pupil comprises a non-overlapping region.

Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs for determining and using a radio network temporary identifier are disclosed. A method includes determining an offset; determining a first radio network temporary identifier based, at least partially, upon the offset; and using the first radio network temporary identifier for subsequently transmitting a message to a device.

There is inter alia disclosed an apparatus for spatial audio encoding comprising: means for analysing a plurality of spatial audio parameter sets associated with a frame of one or more audio signals, wherein the plurality of spatial audio parameter sets are associated with a plurality of subframes, a plurality of frequency sub bands and a plurality of sound source directions for the frame of the one or more audio signals; and means for determining from the analysis of the plurality of spatial audio parameter sets at least one spatial audio parameter set for subframes of the frame of the one or more audio signals.

A first radio access network element, including at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer program code, the at least one processor, when executing the computer program code, is configured to cause the first radio access network element to, transmit a message to at least one of a second radio access network element or a core network element, wherein the message indicates support information, the support information indicating one or more receive capabilities supported by a user equipment (UE) for one or more frequency bands supported by the UE.

Examples of the disclosure relate to optical apparatus, modules and devices for providing a head up display (HUD) or mediated reality headset. The optical apparatus can comprise a light guide configured to receive an input beam of light and provide an expanded output beam of light and one or more optical components configured to adjust the expanded output beam of light. At least two items of the light guide and the one or more optical components are arranged so that a first item has a first optical power in a first axis and a second item has a second optical power in a second axis. The second axis is different to the first axis and the optical powers of the respective items are configured to focus the expanded output beam of light.

A first radio access network element, may include at least one processor; and at least one memory storing computer program code, the at least one processor, when executing the computer program code, is configured to cause the first radio access network element to, receive a message from a second radio access network element or a core network element, the message indicating support information, the support information indicating one or more receive capabilities supported by a user equipment (UE) for one or more frequency bands supported by the UE.

Examples of the disclosure relate to optical apparatus that can adjust the focus distance of images provided by the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a light guide configured to receive an input beam of light and provide an expanded output beam of light. The apparatus also comprises one or more optical components configured to adjust the expanded output beam of light. The apparatus also comprises adjustment means. The adjustment means are configured to adjust at least one of the light guide or the one or more optical components to enable a focus distance of an image provided by the apparatus to be adjusted. The adjustment means are synchronized with an image source so that the focus distance of the image provided by the apparatus is coordinated with an image provided by the image source.

There is provided an apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: determine information associated with at least one of one or more channel state information, CSI, reports which are to be reported to an access node; and send said determined information associated with the at least one of the one or more CSI reports to the access node in one or more medium access control control elements, MAC CE, at least one of the one or more MAC CE providing a buffer status in addition to the determined information associated with the at least one of one or more CSI reports.

There is provided an apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: perform one or more measurements for one or more channel state information, CSI, reports; determine a size associated with at least one of the one or more CSI reports to be sent to an access node; and send a report to the access node, said report comprising information about the determined size associated with the at least one of the one or more CSI reports.

Example embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to contention-based uplink transmission. A method comprises receiving a configuration indicating Configured Grant (CG) uplink data channel resources allocated for the apparatus and two or more Scheduling Request (SR) resources associated with the CG uplink data channel resources; obtaining mapping information between the two or more SR resources and at least one of buffer status information or delay status information of the apparatus, at least one of the buffer status information or the delay status information being to be transmitted on the CG uplink data channel resources; selecting, from the two or more SR resources, at least one SR resource to be used based on the mapping information and at least one of the buffer status information or the delay status information of the apparatus; transmitting at least one SR on the selected at least one SR resource; and performing a transmission including at least one of the buffer status information or the delay status information on the CG uplink data channel resources.

Various example embodiments relate generally to including cell measurements in a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE). A method of a first apparatus may, for example, comprising: identifying, in response to a triggered reporting event: at least one candidate cell measurement of a first type that does not meet reporting criteria; and at least one cell measurement of a second type that is other than the first type. The method may further comprise determining to include or not include in a Medium Access Control-Control Element, MAC-CE, measurement report, MR, at least some of the at least one candidate cell measurement of the first type based on at least one rule, and encoding a MAC-CE MR according to the determination for transmission to a second apparatus.

There is provided a method, apparatus and computer program for causing an apparatus to perform: obtaining at least one audio signal; compressing the at least one audio signal using at least one first algorithm to output at least one compressed audio signal, wherein a summation of two or more compressed audio signals is largely homomorphic to a summation of two or more audio signals; and encrypting the at least one compressed audio signal using a homomorphic encryption algorithm to form at least one encrypted audio signal.

There is provided a user equipment comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the user equipment to perform: obtaining a configuration related to reference signals, wherein the configuration indicates a first resource element, RE, pattern for a first type of RS for at least one first antenna port, wherein the configuration for the first RE pattern for the first type of RS for the at least one first antenna port indicates: i) a first number of REs for each antenna port per resource block, RB, ii) a first density level between RBs, and iii) a first number of symbols per slot. The user equipment is further caused to perform: based on the configuration, transmitting, to a network entity, a first physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, wherein the at least one first antenna port for the first type of RS is configured with the first RE pattern in the first PUSCH.

A method, apparatus, and computer program are described comprising: receiving an input; and determining a classification of the input using a machine learning model, the machine learning model comprising a local part and a collaboratively learned part, the determining comprising: determining extracted features of the input using a feature extractor of the collaboratively learned part, the feature extractor being caused to extract features of the input; determining a set of similarity scores using a prototype layer of the local part of the model, the prototype layer being caused to determine similarities between extracted features of the input and a set of trained prototypes of the prototype layer; and determining a classification of the input using a prototypical classifier of the local part of the model, the prototypical classifier being caused determine the classification based on the similarity scores.

There is inter alia disclosed an apparatus for spatial audio encoding configured to: determine, for two or more audio signals, a first spatial audio direction parameter and a second spatial audio direction parameter for providing spatial audio reproduction: transform the second spatial audio direction parameter to have an opposite spatial audio direction; determine a difference between the transformed second spatial audio direction parameter and the quantized first spatial audio direction parameter; and quantise the difference.

Techniques for providing privacy features in communication systems are provided. For example, a message may be provided from user equipment to an element or function in a communication network that comprises one or more privacy indicators, where privacy features for processing the message are determined based on the privacy indicators. The message may comprise an attach request comprising a subscription identifier for a subscriber associated with the user equipment, with the privacy indicators comprising a flag indicating whether the subscription identifier in the attach request is privacy-protected. As another example, the element of function in the communication network may determine privacy features supported by the communication network and generate and send a message to user equipment comprising one or more privacy indicators selected based on the determined privacy features. The privacy indicators may comprise an indication of whether the communication network is configured for handling privacy-protected subscription identifiers.

Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for UE capability signaling. In some example embodiment, there may be provided a user equipment comprising: means for receiving a registration accept message or a configuration update message comprising a first user equipment capability identifier associated with at least one user equipment capability and a first value; means for storing the first user equipment capability identifier associated with the at least one user equipment capability and the first value; means for receiving a subsequent configuration update message comprising a second user equipment capability identifier associated with one or more user equipment capabilities and a second value; and means for making a determination, based on a comparison of the first value with the second value, that the first user equipment capability identifier is stale or no longer valid.

Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an electronic device, a method, apparatus, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product for an IMU encoder. In the solution, a pre-trained IMU encoder which is determined together with a plurality of modality encoders based on a multi-modality dataset may be obtained. A model output is further determined by inputting a model input into the pre-trained IMU encoder, wherein the model input is indicative of data being derived from one or more IMU sensors. In addition, the model output can be provided to a downstream task. As such, a plurality of modality encoders may be used for determining the pre-trained IMU encoder, thus multiple learning objectives may be incorporated in the pre-training process.

There is inter alia disclosed an apparatus for spatial audio encoding comprising: means for determining a first spatial audio parameter of a frequency sub band of one or more audio signals and a second spatial audio parameter of the frequency sub band of the one or more audio signals; and means for combining the first spatial audio parameter and the second spatial audio parameter to provide a combined spatial audio parameter for the frequency sub band.

A method for sequence mapping of demodulation reference signals of multiple control resource sets of a serving cell is presented. The method is performed by a user equipment and comprises determining a common reference point for the multiple control resource sets, wherein the common reference point is a lowest subcarrier of a common control resource set, determining a demodulation reference signal sequence to resource elements mapping for the multiple control resource sets based on the common reference point, wherein the sequence mapping is determined in a cyclic manner between a lower limit point and an upper limit point, and receiving and decoding a physical downlink control channel based on the determined demodulation reference signal sequence to resource elements mapping. A user equipment configured accordingly is also presented as well as a related method for a base station, a base station, and a computer program product.

The present disclosure relates to devices, methods and computer readable storage medium for conditional dropping of uplink repetitions within an Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC) period. In a method, a terminal device receives, from a network apparatus, configuration information about an event associated with an operation of the terminal device. The event influences on maintaining at least one of phase continuity or power consistency within an OCC period. Then, the terminal device determines a transmission method for uplink repetitions within the OCC period and/or for the event based on a reception time of the configuration information or an occurrence time of the event.

A terminal device performs measurements related to a first base station while in a radio resource control (RRC) idle state or RRC inactive state. The terminal device performs an evaluation process, at least when not configured to determine whether the measurement satisfies a timing condition. The evaluation process determines whether at least two conditions are both met at a given point in time or during a given time period. The conditions include a first condition relating to terminal device mobility and a second condition relating to terminal device location with respect to a cell provided by the first base station. The terminal device sends, to a second base station, an indication of the measurement result and an indication of whether the conditions are both met. A network device receives and processes these indications from the terminal device.

A method performed by a user equipment (UE) is provided. The method includes receiving, from a source cell, an order for early timing advance (TA) acquisition for at least one candidate cell indicated in the order. The method includes making a determination that the at least one candidate cell is at least one conditional lower-layer triggered mobility (CLTM) candidate cell. The method includes monitoring for at least one TA value for the at least one CLTM candidate cell based on the determination. And the method includes receiving the at least one TA value.

Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission repetitions. In an example method, a terminal device receives a configuration for at least one common search space. The terminal device monitors, according to the configuration, at least one PDCCH candidate for decoding downlink control information (DCI). The terminal device determine, based on an indication in association with the at least one PDCCH candidate, that PDCCH transmission repetition is enabled.

A method includes receiving, by a user equipment (UE), a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message from a source control unit (CU), wherein the RRC reconfiguration message includes an L1/2 Triggered Mobility (LTM) candidate configuration and/or a list of reporting configuration identifiers for early CSI acquisition; transmitting, by the UE, an RRC reconfiguration request acknowledgment to the source CU; waiting, by the UE, for a cell switch command or MAC CE; performing, by the UE, a measurement on an associated channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); and transmitting, by the UE, a report to a target DU using the candidate configuration.

Apparatus and method of Physical Random-Access Channel (PRACH) adaptation. In an embodiment, an apparatus receives paging downlink control information (DCI) on a physical downlink control channel from a radio access network, determines a presence of a physical random-access channel (PRACH) adaptation indication in the paging DCI based at least on a short message indicator of the paging DCI, and decodes the PRACH adaptation indication from the paging DCI.

Example embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a dual connectivity-based (DC-based) secondary cell group change. A method comprises receiving, from a first network device, an inter-secondary node switching configuration for a dual connectivity-based secondary cell group change; performing at least one measurement related to a second cell provided by a second network device; reporting the at least one measurement to the first network device; receiving, from the first network device, an indication to initiate the dual connectivity-based secondary cell group change; initiating a cell switch from a first cell provided by the first network device to the second cell based on the inter-secondary node switching configuration; adding the second cell into a secondary cell group based on the indication; and deactivating a master cell group including the first cell.

Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for emergency sessions, such as emergency calls, sending a discovery request to a network; and obtaining a first code from the network. Indicating, in a relay discovery procedure, a capability of the relay user equipment to support an emergency call, wherein the indication of the need of the remote user equipment comprises a second code. Upon determining that the first code and the second code are matching, indicating the capability of the relay user equipment to support an emergency call, wherein the first code is included when indicating the capability. Receiving from the remote user equipment a request for an emergency call to be relayed to the remote user equipment by the relay user equipment and sending to the network, the request including an emergency relaying indicator.

Methods, apparatuses, and systems provide recovery for concurrent reception for non-primary channel access. In the context of a method, the method includes transmitting a first message via a first primary channel associated with a basic service set, the first message comprising first information indicating a first capability of an apparatus to communicate via non-primary channel access; and receiving a second message from a second apparatus via the first primary channel in response to the first message, the second message comprising second information indicating a second capability of the second apparatus to communicate via the non-primary channel access.

Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to de-prioritization of retransmission. A device determines whether user data is absent in a transport block that is to be retransmitted through a hybrid automatic repeat request process. The device deprioritizes selection of the hybrid automatic repeat request process for one or more transmissions on a configured grant based at least in part on the determination. Through this solution, it is possible to avoid or deprioritize unnecessary retransmissions of the transport blocks without user data.

An apparatus configured to: receive, from a serving network, an indication that multiple non-serving network gaps that overlap in time are able to be used substantially simultaneously; detect a gap collision between at least one serving network gap and at least one non-serving network gap; in response to a determination that operation on the at least one serving network gap is required to fulfill at least one requirement associated with the at least one serving network gap, perform operations in the serving network using the at least one serving network gap; and in response to a determination that operation on the at least one serving network gap is not required to fulfill the at least one requirement associated with the at least one serving network gap, perform operations in a non-serving network using the at least one non-serving network gap.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for self-interference mitigation in bluetooth (BT) systems. The apparatus comprises a cellular modem for a cellular communication; a first controller for a general purpose; and a second controller for a BT communication. The first controller receives information about self-interference from the cellular modem, the information about self-interference comprises one or more frequency ranges of one or more transmission of the apparatus in frequency bands of the cellular communication and one or both of one or more related frequency ranges of a potential intermodulation distortion product or a related potential harmonic product of the one or more transmissions of the apparatus affecting the BT communication. The first controller determines BT channels affected by the one or more transmissions of the apparatus in the frequency bands of the cellular communication based on the information on self-interference. The first controller transmits controller, information about the determined BT channels to the second controller and the second controller is configured to control the BT communication with a slave BT device based on the information about the determined BT channels.

The disclosure inter alia relates to an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise means for receiving, from a network node, an indication of at least one radio resource configuration profile at least a part of which is to be retained by the apparatus in an inactive radio state of the apparatus. Alternatively or in addition, the apparatus may comprise means for determining the at least one radio resource configuration profile at least a part of which is to be retained by the apparatus in the inactive radio state of the apparatus. The apparatus may further comprise means for retaining at least a part of the at least one radio resource configuration profile in the inactive radio state of the apparatus. The apparatus may further comprise means for discarding at least a part of at least one further radio resource configuration profile.

A method performed by a user equipment (UE) includes performing layer 1 (L1) measurements of reference signals of one or more candidate cells for a cell switch of the UE. The method includes performing an evaluation of one or more reporting events for a maximum number of the reference signals based on the L1 measurements. Respective reference signals of the maximum number of the reference signals are selected based on a relative priority among the one or more reporting events, the L1 measurements, the reference signals, or the one or more candidate cells. And the method includes making a determination whether a reporting event of the one or more reporting events is fulfilled based on the evaluation.

There are provided measures for (e.g. enabling/facilitating/realizing) conditional handover with PRACH adaptation (or, stated differently, additional PRACH resources). Such measures may, for example, comprise that a user equipment receives, from a base station of a serving cell of the user equipment, a conditional handover configuration for a conditional handover of the user equipment and an indication of a resource configuration of one or more additional physical random access channel, PRACH, resources at a candidate target cell of the conditional handover, identifies the candidate target cell as a target cell of the conditional handover, and transmits, to the base station of the serving cell of the user equipment, a request for informing about activation of the one or more additional PRACH resources configured at the candidate target cell.

The invention relates to a method for encoding, a method for decoding, an apparatus, computer program products, an encoder and a decoder for video information. The motion vector for a block in a video image is predicted from a set of motion vector prediction candidates determined based on previously-coded motion vectors. A motion vector prediction candidate is included in the set based on the location of the block associated with the first spatial motion vector prediction candidate and in comparison with motion vector prediction candidates already in the set.

The disclosure inter alia relates to a user equipment comprising means for performing at least the following: - determining that both an event-based channel state information, CSI, report and a non-event-based CSI report are to be transmitted on a physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, within a same section of a resource grid, wherein the section of the resource grid is defined by a first plurality of consecutive time resource units and by a second plurality of consecutive frequency resource units; - determining a number of time resource units in which a demodulation reference signal, DMRS, is transmitted within the section of the resource grid; - allocating, based on the number of time resource units in which a DMRS is transmitted, at least one resource element of the section of the resource grid to the event-based CSI report.