Toshiba Patente

According to one approach, provided is an electrode (10) including an active material-containing layer (10b) containing an oxide active material and fibrous carbon. Luminance has periodical variance along a direction on a principal surface of the active material-containing layer (10b).

In general, according to an approach, an electrode (3) includes a current collector (3a) containing aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and an active material-containing layer(3b). The active material-containing layer (3b) contains particles (30) containing a niobium titanium-containing oxide. The electrode satisfies the following expression (1): 0.08≤I1/I2≤0.25 the I1 is an intensity of a first peak having the highest intensity within a range where 2θ is 46° or more and 48° or less in a diffraction diagram obtained by X-ray diffraction on a surface of the active material-containing layer. the I2 is an intensity of a second peak having the highest intensity within a range where 2θ is 25° or more and 27° or less in the diffraction diagram. In a cross section of the active material-containing layer along a thickness direction thereof, an average aspect ratio of the particles is 2 or less.

In general, according to one approach, a secondary battery (100) including a container member (2), an electrode group (1) having a stacked structure including one electrode (5), the other electrode (3), and a separator (4). At least one side of the one electrode (5) protrudes more than at least one side of the other electrode (3) in a direction intersecting a stacking direction of the electrode group (1). The electrode group (1) satisfies the following formula (1): Ra 2 > Ra 1 <img class="EMIRef" id="2ec0ce26-a74d-4f07-a69a-ea810750b930-ia01" /> where the Ra2 is an arithmetic average roughness of an end portion including the at least one side of the one electrode (5) in the electrode group (1), and the Ra1 is an arithmetic average roughness of an interior portion adjacent to the end portion of the electrode group (1).

A separator includes a frame; and a flow-channel wall on the frame, the flow-channel wall defining a supply-area, an exhaust-area, and a groove-area, the groove-area comprising a first groove group between the supply-area and the exhaust-area, the first groove group comprising (A) a first supply-side connection groove in which the side of the supply-area has a larger opening than the side of the exhaust-area; and (B) a first exhaust-side connection groove in which the side of the exhaust-area has a larger opening than the side of the supply-area. The flow-channel wall is provided at the exhaust-area side end of the first supply-side connection groove.

A quantum transmitter for use in a quantum communication system is provided, the transmitter comprising: a plurality of quantum state encoders, each encoder configured to emit portions of light, each portion encoded with a respective quantum state; and a beam combining module configured to receive portions of light emitted from each quantum state encoder, and combine the received portions to produce output light comprising a sequence of successive portions of light emitted by each encoder. A corresponding quantum communication system is also provided.

An electrolysis device includes: an electrolysis cell having a reduction electrode, an oxidation electrode, a first chamber facing on the reduction electrode, a second chamber facing on the oxidation electrode and configured to be supplied with an electrolytic solution containing water or water vapor, and a diaphragm provided between the first chamber and the second chamber; an operation parameter input unit configured to input an operation parameter for operating the electrolysis cell; an operation control unit configured to generate at least one control signal for operating the electrolysis cell according to the operation parameter; a control signal monitor unit configured to monitor the at least one control signal from the operation control unit; and a data processing unit configured to diagnose a state of the electrolysis cell by performing data processing using control signal data indicating a monitoring result of the at least one control signal.

An electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrolysis cell stack including: a plurality of sub-stacks stacked between a pair of clamping plates, each sub-stack including: a plurality of electrolysis cells stacked between a pair of support plates; and at least one fluid manifold completed within one of the plural sub-stacks; a measuring device to measure a physical quantity related to a state of at least one of the plural sub-stacks to acquire physical quantity data; and an information processing unit to process the physical quantity data from the measuring device. Each electrolysis cell includes: a cathode chamber; an anode chamber; a diaphragm between the cathode chamber and the anode chamber; a cathode arranged on the cathode chamber; and an anode arranged on the anode chamber. The pair of support plates includes at least four through holes including an inlet or an outlet of the at least one fluid manifold.

A separator according to an embodiment comprises a first supply groove, a first branching groove that includes multiple grooves; and a first exhaust groove. The first supply groove and the first exhaust groove extend in a first direction. The first branching groove is positioned between the first supply groove and the first exhaust groove in a second direction. The depth of the first supply groove is deeper than the depth of the first branching groove. The depth of the first exhaust groove is deeper than the depth of the first branching groove.

A separator according to an embodiment includes a flow channel comprising a first flow-channel wall, a second flow-channel wall, and a first flow-channel groove provided between the first flow-channel wall and the second flow-channel wall. A first narrowing part and/or a first expansion part are provided in the first flow-channel groove. The first narrowing part narrows a part of the latter half of the first flow-channel groove. The first expansion part expands a part of the latter half of the first flow-channel groove.

An electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrolysis cell stack including: an electrolysis cell, the electrolysis cell including: a cathode chamber; an anode chamber; a diaphragm provided between the cathode chamber and the anode chamber; a cathode arranged on the cathode chamber; and an anode arranged on the anode chamber; and an identification tag configured to identify the electrolysis cell stack.

An electrolytic method according to an embodiment comprises synthesizing ammonia by electrolysis using an electrolyte solution which is a water based, The electrolytic solution comprises water; an inorganic salt; an alcohol and/or a carboxylic acid; and an amine salt.

In an approach, an optical inspection apparatus includes: an illumination portion configured to emit illumination light including at least telecentric illumination; and an imaging portion configured to simultaneously capture telecentric light and entocentric light.

An electrolysis device includes: an electrolysis cell stack having a first and a second flow path through which a first and a second fluid flows; a flow rate controller to control a flow rate of the first fluid through the first flow path; a controller; a flowmeter; and a concentration meter to measure a concentration of a reduction product in the second fluid. The controller is configured to calculate a variation in ratio of a supply flow rate to a theoretical flow rate of a reducible material in the cells using first data indicating a relation between a supply amount of the reducible material in the cell and a Faraday efficiency of the reduction product and using second data indicating a Faraday efficiency of the reduction product in the cell stack, and control the flow rate controller controlling the flow rate of the first fluid according to the variation.

According to one embodiment, there is provided a method for controlling an electrolytic device (800) including a cathode electrode (2) that contains metal ions and reduces carbon dioxide, and an anode electrode (1) that oxidizes water to generate oxygen, the method including an acquisition step of acquiring information on a potential of the cathode electrode (2) and a potential of the anode electrode (1), and a control step of controlling the potential of the cathode electrode (2) or / and the potential of the anode electrode (1) such that the potential of the cathode electrode (2) is less than the potential of the anode electrode (1) when the potential of the anode electrode (1) is equal to or less than the potential of the cathode electrode (2).

An electrochemical cell stack according to an embodiment includes a plurality of electrochemical cell stacked one on another, and an electric potential measurement terminal for measuring an electric potential of the electrochemical cell. The electocheical cell includes an electrode plate, a flow channel plate, an electrode plate outer frame, a flow channel plate outer frame, and a sealing member. The flow channel plate outer frame is formed by adhering a plurality of sheet members by an adhesive. The electric potential measurement terminal is partially arranged between the sheet members. The electric potential measurement terminal includes a first end portion and a second end portion opposite to the first end portion. The second end portion of the electric potential measurement terminal extends outside the electrochemical cell. The first end portion of the electric potential measurement terminal is connected in a bent state to one main surface of the flow channel plate at a position inside the sealing member.

In an approach, an optical inspection apparatus includes: an imaging portion and an illumination portion. The imaging portion acquires a plurality of images by repeatedly photographing an object on an optical axis of the imaging portion, the object moving relative to the optical axis in a moving direction that is a predetermined axial direction, in such a manner as to cross the optical axis. The illumination portion radiates, in a plane including the optical axis of the imaging portion and the moving direction, at a time of imaging by the imaging portion, first illumination light at a first object point on a surface of the object, and second illumination light traveling in a direction different from the first illumination light at a second object point different from the first object point, a distribution of the first illumination light and the second illumination light being asymmetric in the plane.

A liquid heating device (1a) includes: a container (3) having a space inside; a plate-shaped base part (121) including a first portion (121a) in the space, and a second portion (121b) at a periphery of the first portion and exposed outside the container; a heating element (23a) on a first side of the first portion; a terminal (23b1) on the first side of the second portion; a connection part (23b2) on the first side of the first portion and the second portion, and electrically connected to the heating element and the terminal; a protection part (24) on the first side of the first portion and the second portion, covering the heating element and the connection part, and exposing the terminal; and a sealing part (4) between the container and the second portion, and provided at an end portion on an upper side in a gravity direction of the container.

An information processing apparatus (100) includes a processing unit. The processing unit generates a first transformation rule for transforming, for each of one or more first properties among one or more properties included in a first data model, the first property into a second property among one or more properties included in a second data model based on a semantic similarity between the properties included in the first data model and the properties included in the second data model. The processing unit generates a second transformation rule for transforming, for each of the one or more first properties, a first element including a definition of the first property among elements included in a first metamodel of the first data model into a second element including a definition of the second property among elements included in a second metamodel of the second data model.

According to one embodiment, an effective range providing apparatus, a structure evaluation apparatus, a structure evaluation system, and an effective range providing method that enable an effective evaluation result to be obtained are provided. According to an embodiment, the effective range providing apparatus includes an effective range determiner and a provider. The effective range determiner determines an effective range for evaluation within a target area serving as an evaluation target for a deterioration state in a structure based on shape information about a shape of the structure on which a vehicle can travel and vehicle information about the vehicle traveling on the structure. The provider provides information indicating the effective range determined by the effective range determiner.

A membrane electrode assembly includes an anode having an anode catalyst layer, a cathode having a cathode catalyst layer, and an electrolyte membrane provided between the anode and the cathode. An ion exchange equivalent weight of the electrolyte membrane is equal to or higher than an ion exchange equivalent weight of the cathode catalyst layer. An ion exchange equivalent weight of the anode catalyst layer is higher than the ion exchange equivalent weight of the cathode catalyst layer and is equal to or higher than the ion exchange equivalent weight of the electrolyte membrane.

A membrane electrode assembly includes: an anode; a cathode; and an electrolyte membrane provided between the anode and cathode. The anode includes: a porous and conductive anode conductive transport layer; and an anode catalyst layer provided between the anode conductive transport layer and the electrolyte membrane. The anode catalyst layer includes first sheet layers and first gap layers, each first sheet layer and each first gap layer being alternately stacked. The cathode includes a porous and conductive cathode conductive transport layer, and a cathode catalyst layer provided between the cathode conductive transport layer and the electrolyte membrane. The cathode catalyst layer includes second sheet layers and second gap layers, each second sheet layer and each second gap layer being alternately stacked. A porosity of the cathode conductive transport layer is higher than a porosity of the anode conductive transport layer.

According to one arrangement, a processing device (20) receives first deterioration information on a power storage module (111) from a first controller (112) connected to the power storage module (111). The processing device (20) receives second deterioration information on the power storage module (111) from a second controller that is connected to the first controller (112) and directly or indirectly controls the first controller (112). The processing device (20) compares the first deterioration information with the second deterioration information, and outputs output information on whether there is a possibility that the first deterioration information or the second deterioration information has been falsified.

A layered body according to an embodiment includes a substrate, a first intermediate layer provided on the substrate, and a first transparent electrode provided on the first intermediate layer. The refractive index of the first intermediate layer is lower than the refractive index of the substrate. The refractive index of the first intermediate layer is lower than the refractive index of the first transparent electrode.

A solar cell according to an embodiment includes a first transparent electrode, a p-type light absorbing layer provided on the first transparent electrode, a first n-type layer provided on the p-type light absorbing layer, a second n-type layer provided on the first n-type layer, a second transparent electrode provided on the second n-type layer, and an antireflection layer provided on the second transparent electrode. The refractive index of the second n-type layer is higher than the refractive index of the first n-type layer. The second n-type layer comprises a titanium-including metal oxide.

A solar cell module according to an embodiment comprises a substrate; a first solar cell provided on the substrate; a first solar cell including a first upper transparent electrode layer, a first power generation layer, and a first lower transparent electrode layer; a second solar cell provided on the substrate, adjacent to the first solar cell, the second solar cell including a second upper transparent electrode layer, a second power generation layer, and a second lower transparent electrode layer; and a first metal interconnection wiring that electrically connects the first solar cell and the second solar cell. The first upper transparent electrode layer and the second upper transparent electrode layer are provided on the light incident side, and the first solar cell and the second solar cell are arranged in a first direction extending along the width direction of the first solar cell. The first lower transparent electrode layer, the first power generation layer, and the first upper transparent electrode layer are stacked in that order from the substrate side. The second lower transparent electrode layer, the second power generation layer, and the second upper transparent electrode layer are stacked in that order from the substrate side. The first metal interconnection wiring has a portion that extends in the stacking direction. The first lower transparent electrode layer and the second upper transparent electrode layer are electrically connected through the first metal interconnection wiring. The first metal interconnection wiring is physically separated from the first upper transparent electrode layer.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes an element portion. The element portion includes a base including a base face, a fixed portion fixed to the base face, a movable portion supported by the fixed portion, first to fourth electrodes A gap is provided between the base face and the movable portion. The movable portion includes a first annular portion provided around the fixed portion in a first plane along the base face. The first annular portion includes first to fourth partial regions. The first electrode is fixed to the base face and faces the first partial region. The second electrode is fixed to the base face and faces the second partial region. The third electrode is fixed to the base face and faces the third partial region. The fourth electrode is fixed to the base face and faces the fourth partial region.

To provide a reactor control system capable of achieving an efficient operation of a reactor. In a reactor control system in an embodiment, an inverse analysis part finds, as medium performance distribution data, a medium performance distribution in which performance of a medium changes in a flow direction in which a reactant introduction fluid and an adsorption substance introduction fluid pass through the medium by executing an inverse analysis regarding reactant introduction fluid measurement data, adsorption substance introduction fluid measurement data, and discharge fluid measurement data. A control part executes output of a control signal based on the medium performance distribution data.

In one approach, in a diagnosis method of an electrolysis unit (2), an impedance of the electrolysis unit (2) is measured in each of a first frequency range (ΔF1) and a second frequency range (ΔF2) lower in frequency than the first frequency range (ΔF1). In the diagnosis method, a resistance value of each of a first resistance component (R1) in which influence on the impedance becomes dominant in a first frequency range (ΔF1) and a second resistance component (R2) in which influence on the impedance becomes dominant in a second frequency range (ΔF2) is calculated based on measurement results of the impedance, and degradation and operation of the electrolysis unit (2) are determined based at least on a calculation result of each of the resistance values of the first resistance component (R1) and the second resistance component (R2).

A fluid heating device (1, 1a) according to an embodiment includes: a housing (11) having a space inside through which a fluid (100, 100a) flows; and at least one heater (12, 13, 14, 15) provided inside the housing and presenting a plate shape. The heater extends from a first inner wall (11c) side of the housing toward a second inner wall (11d) side facing the first inner wall, and a space is provided between the heater and the second inner wall.

In a quantum cryptography communication control device according to one arrangement, a collection unit collects link information of a link for which a local key is generated by quantum key distribution and a global key guarantee amount of each of a plurality of application pairs executing cryptography communication using a global key. A calculation unit calculates a link cost used for selecting a relay route of the global key based on the link information. A guarantee amount calculation unit calculates a local key guarantee amount allocated to the link for relaying the global key of each of the plurality of application pairs such that the guaranteed amounts of global keys for the plurality of application pairs are simultaneously satisfied. The selection unit selects the relay route of the global key based on the link cost and the local key guarantee amount.

According to an arrangement, a QKD device (2) includes a detection unit (21), a monitoring unit (24), and a switching control unit (25). The detection unit (21) is configured to detect a quantum signal by photons transmitted from a transmitting quantum key distribution (QKD) device. The monitoring unit (24) is configured to monitor monitoring information including a parameter based on the quantum signal. The switching control unit (25) is configured to transmit, to the transmitting QKD device (1), a switching signal for switching from a normal mode to a debug mode for enhancing intensity of the quantum signal by a predetermined value, based on the monitoring information.

According to an arrangement, a key management device (20) includes a generation unit (203), a packet processing unit (207), and an inter-node relay unit (209). The generation unit (203) is configured to generate a first global key based on a first random number. The packet processing unit (207) is configured to add, to a first packet including the first global key, first path information indicating a relay path for the first packet. The inter-node relay unit (209) is configured to encrypt the first packet with a local key shared with a different node and transmit the encrypted first packet to the different node.

Provided are a vehicle lighting device and a vehicle lighting fixture in which heat generated in a light emitting module can be efficiently transferred to a socket. A vehicle lighting device (1) according to an embodiment includes: a socket (10); a light emitting module (20), provided on one end side of the socket (10) and including a light emitting element (22); and a heat transfer part (40), provided between the socket (10) and the light emitting module (20). In the case of being viewed in a direction along a central shaft (1a) of the vehicle lighting device (1), a contour of the heat transfer part (40) includes an arc protruding outward, and a portion of the heat transfer part (40) including the arc is located outside the light emitting module (20).

According to one embodiment, a fiber (1) including an adsorbing element having an acid gas adsorption ability is provided.

According to one arrangement, a designing method for predicting a composition of a delivery carrier that satisfies a target value of an active agent delivery amount for a target cell is provided. The method includes preparing a delivery carrier prediction tool and acquiring, using the delivery carrier prediction tool, the composition of the delivery carrier that satisfies the target value based on a lipid composition of a cell membrane of the target cell.

A method of recovering a valuable resource from an electrochemical device including a catalyst of an oxide of a noble metal, includes: reducing the oxide while heating an object that has the catalyst; and applying a voltage to the object that is in contact with a solution containing at least one selected from the group consisting of ion species and chemical species which can form a complex with the noble metal, continuously increasing an absolute value of the voltage and then holding the value while periodically reversing a polarity of the voltage to perform an electrolytic reaction and dissolve the reduced noble metal in the solution as ions.

A voltage control method of an embodiment is for applying a voltage to an electrochemical device that has an electrode with a catalyst containing a noble metal and periodically reversing a polarity of the voltage to perform an electrolytic reaction and recover a valuable resource from the electrochemical device. The voltage control method includes continuously increasing an absolute value of the voltage and then holding the value while periodically reversing the polarity of the voltage.

A laminated body according to an embodiment includes a transparent substrate, a p-electrode on the substrate, including a transparent conductive oxide film, and a p-type light-absorbing layer on the p-electrode, including a cuprous oxide compound. A crystal grain size of the cuprous oxide compound is 1.2 times or more a thickness of the p-type light-absorbing layer. A carrier concentration of the p-type light-absorbing layer is 5.0×10¹⁴ [cm^-3] or more. The cuprous oxide compound comprises Cu, oxygen, and optionally an element represented by M1. The element represented by M1 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Al, Ga, In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, N, P, Sb, and Bi.

To provide an electrochemical device that easily achieves a thickness reduction of its insulating sealing member and can have improved performance. In an electrochemical device of an embodiment, a cell stack has an insulating sealing member installed between a first separator and a second separator and configured to seal a gap between the first separator and the second separator and electrically insulate the first separator and the second separator from each other. The insulating sealing member has a metal layer and an insulation layer stacked on the metal layer in a stacking direction. The insulation layer contains a glass paste base material having a lower glass transition temperature than an operating temperature of the cell stack and a filler material having a higher glass transition temperature than the operating temperature of the cell stack, and the filler material is dispersed in the glass base material.

According to one embodiment, a determination method causes a processing device to measure coordinates of a hand of a person based on an image in which the hand is visible. The determination method causes the processing device to receive a detected value from a sensor of a device held by the person. The determination method causes the processing device to input the coordinates and the detected value to an estimation model configured to estimate an action force of a body. The determination method causes the processing device to determine at least one selected from the group consisting of a load on the person, a danger to the person, and a proficiency of the person by using an action force of a body of the person output from the estimation model.